A Phonemic and Acoustic Analysis of Hindko Oral Stops

Abstract

Hindko is an Indo-Aryan language that is mainly spoken in Khyber Pukhtoonkhaw province of Pakistan. This work aims to identify the oral stops of Hindko and determine the intrinsic acoustic cues for them. The phonemic analysis is done with the help of minimal pairs and phoneme distribution in contrastive environments which reveals that Hindko has twelve oral stops with three way series. The acoustic analysis of these segments shows that intrinsically voice onset time (VOT), closure duration and burst are reliable and distinguishing cues of stops in Hindko.Keywords: Hindko oral stops; phonemic analysis; acoustic analysis; VOT; closure duration; burst PovzetekHindko je indo-ajranski jezik, ki se večinoma govori v provinci Khyber Pukhtoonkhaw v Pakistanu. Namen raziskave je opredeliti ustne zapornike Hindka in določiti njihove akustične značilnosti. Fonemska analiza temelji na minimalnih parih in distribuciji fonemov v kontrastivnih okoljih. Iz rezultatov analize je razvidno, da ima Hindko dvanajst ustnih zapornikov v treh serijah. Akustična analiza teh segmentov je pokazala, da so v Hindku VOT, trajanje zapore in odpora zanesljivi in razločevalni ključi zapornikov.Ključne besede: ustni zaporniki v Hindku; fonemska analiza; akustična analiza; VOT; trajanje zapore; odpora 10 Haroon Ur RASHID, Raja Nasim AKHTAR