A physical and genetic map of <i>Neisseria meningitidis</i> B1940

Gäher, Martin; Einsiedler, Kerstin; Crass, Torsten; Bautsch, Wilfried

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.1996.416901.x

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…1, indicating a scattered distribution over the whole genome. As expected, the additional band observed in the nonencapsulated IS1301::siaA variant maps within the capsule gene complex (12,13). This experiment and other restriction fragment analyses indicate a duplicative event for transposition of IS1301, since only one additional band was observed after transposition to siaA, without other changes in the hybridization pattern.…”

Section: Is1301 Copies Are Not Clustered In N Meningitidis B1940supporting

confidence: 82%

“…Preparation of chromosomal DNA and restriction endonuclease digestion were performed essentially as described previously (13). Briefly, bacteria were grown overnight, harvested with a cotton swab, resuspended in SE buffer (75 mM NaCl, 25 mM EDTA; pH 7.5), and enclosed in 1% (wt/vol) (final concentration) low-melting-temperature agarose blocks.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By Southern blotting and hybridization of a macrorestriction assay of the N. meningitidis B1940 genome with an IS1301-specific probe, we were able to locate the different copies of the element, using a recently published genome map of this strain (13). The results are shown in Fig.…”

Section: Is1301 Copies Are Not Clustered In N Meningitidis B1940mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Site-specific insertion of IS1301 and distribution in Neisseria meningitidis strains

et al. 1996

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The insertion element IS1301 has been shown to mediate capsule phase variation in Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B by reversible insertional inactivation of the siaA gene. We have determined the target site specificity of this element by cloning and sequencing the insertion sites of 12 identical IS1301 copies found in N. meningitidis B1940. A target consensus core of 5-AYTAG-3 was identified, with the central TA being duplicated following insertion. Additional features around the target sites, including extended palindromic symmetry, stem-loop formation, and the high incidence of AT tracts, indicate that other factors, such as DNA secondary structure, are involved in target recognition. The left inverted repeat of an IS1016-like element acts as a hot spot for insertion, with one insertion element combination located upstream of the frpC gene. According to further sequence analysis, we were able to place IS1301 in the IS5 subgroup within the IS4 family of elements. A survey of 135 Neisseria strains indicated the presence of IS1301 in 27.9 to 33.3% of N. meningitidis serogroup B, C, and W135 strains and in 86.7% of serogroup Y strains. IS1301 did not occur in serogroup A strains, in Neisseria gonorrhoeae, or in apathogenic Neisseria spp.

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Section: Is1301 Copies Are Not Clustered In N Meningitidis B1940supporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Site-specific insertion of IS1301 and distribution in Neisseria meningitidis strains

et al. 1996

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“…Analyses of the physical chromosomal maps of N. meningitidis (13,16) and N. gonorrhoeae (12) show a high degree of conservation in overall gene organization between N. meningitidis Z2491 and N. gonorrhoeae FA1090 (13) and between N. meningitidis B1940 and N. gonorrhoeae FA1090 and MS11 (16). Previous DNA hybridization studies estimated that N. meningitidis and N. gonorrhoeae are 90% homologous in genes that are common to both species (24,27).…”

Section: Vol 184 2002 Genome Analysis and Strain Comparison Of Cr Amentioning

confidence: 94%

Genome Analysis and Strain Comparison of Correia Repeats and Correia Repeat-Enclosed Elements in Pathogenic Neisseria

et al. 2002

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Whole genome sequences of Neisseria meningitidis strains Z2491 and MC58 and Neisseria gonorrhoeae FA1090 were analyzed for Correia repeats (CR) and CR-enclosed elements (CREE). A total of 533, 516, and 256 copies of CR and 270, 261, and 102 copies of CREE were found in these three genomes, respectively. The lengths of CREE range from 28 to 348 bp, and the lengths of multicopy CREE appear mainly in the ranges of 154 to 156 bp and 105 to 107 bp. The distribution of CREE lengths is similar between the two N. meningitidis genomes, with a greater number of 154-to 156-bp CREE (163 and 152 copies in N. meningitidis strain Z2491 and N. meningitidis strain MC58, respectively) than 105-to 107-bp CREE (72 and 77 copies). In the N. gonorrhoeae strain FA1090 genome there are relatively more 105-to 107-bp CREE (51 copies) than 154-to 156-bp CREE (36 copies). The genomic distribution of 107-bp CREE also shows similarity between the two N. meningitidis strains (15 copies share the same loci) and differences between N. meningitidis strains and N. gonorrhoeae FA1090 (only one copy is located in the same locus). Detailed sequence analysis showed that both the terminal inverted repeats and the core regions of CREE are composed of distinct basic sequence blocks. Direct TA dinucleotide repeats exist at the termini of all CREE. A survey of DNA sequence upstream of the sialyltransferase gene, lst, in several Neisseria isolates showed that 5 N. meningitidis strains contain a 107-bp CREE in this region but 25 N. gonorrhoeae strains show an exact absence of a 105-bp sequence block (i.e., the 107-bp CREE without a 5 TA dinucleotide) in the same region. Whole-genome sequence analysis confirmed that this 105-bp indel exists in many homologous 107-bp CREE loci. Thus, we postulate that all CREE are made of target TA with indels of various lengths. Analysis of 107-bp CREE revealed that they exist predominantly in intergenic regions and are often near virulence, metabolic, and transporter genes. The abundance of CREE in Neisseria genomes suggests that they may have played a role in genome organization, function, and evolution. Their differential distribution in different pathogenic Neisseria strains may contribute to the distinct behaviors of each Neisseria species.

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“…Sequence variation of opa loci has been used for the fine typing of Neisseria gonorrhoeae . Meningococci contain three to four distant chromosomal loci encoding opa alleles (Aho et al, 1991;Hobbs et al, 1994;Dempsey et al, 1995;Gä her et al, 1996) but the sequences of these alleles have not yet been analysed from extensive strain collections. The Opa proteins called 5a, 5f and 5 h were expressed by subgroup III meningococci isolated before the Mecca outbreak, whereas the Opa proteins 5a, 5f and 5i (but not 5h) were expressed by those isolated during or after the Mecca outbreak , suggesting that horizontal genetic exchange have led to the replacement of an opa allele encoding 5h by an allele encoding 5i from an unrelated strain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clonal descent and microevolution of Neisseria meningitidis during 30 years of epidemic spread

Morelli

Malorny

Müller

et al. 1997

Molecular Microbiology

102

141

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SummarySerogroup A meningococci of subgroups III, IV-1 and IV-2 are probably descended from a common ancestor that existed in the nineteenth century. The 10.5 kb sequences spanning five distinct chromosomal loci, encoding cell-surface antigens, a secreted protease or housekeeping genes and intergenic regions, were almost identical in strains of those subgroups isolated in 1966, 1966 and 1917 respectively. During the subsequent two to three decades, all of these loci varied as a result of mutation, translocation or import of DNA from unrelated neisseriae. Thus, microevolution occurs frequently in naturally transformable bacteria. Many variants were isolated only once or within a single geographical location and disappeared thereafter. Other variants achieved genetic fixation within months or a few years. The speed with which sequence variation is either eliminated or fixed may reflect sequential bottlenecks associated with epidemic spread and contrasts with the results of phylogenetic analyses from bacteria that do not cause epidemics.

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A physical and genetic map of Neisseria meningitidis B1940

Cited by 20 publications

References 27 publications

Site-specific insertion of IS1301 and distribution in Neisseria meningitidis strains

Site-specific insertion of IS1301 and distribution in Neisseria meningitidis strains

Genome Analysis and Strain Comparison of Correia Repeats and Correia Repeat-Enclosed Elements in Pathogenic Neisseria

Clonal descent and microevolution of Neisseria meningitidis during 30 years of epidemic spread

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