A Physically Based Model of Deposition, Re‐Entrainment, and Transport of Fine Sediment in Gravel‐Bed Rivers

Haddadchi, Arman; Rose, C. W.

doi:10.1029/2021wr031782

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…Including this unmeasured load would, if anything, increase the mass load difference between the monitoring sites to better align with the eroded fine sediment masses. This unmeasured load can be determined by extrapolating the sand concentration profile for the near bed zone of the river using direct measurements from an in situ laser diffraction instrument (Haddadchi & Rose, 2022) or by estimating the Rouse number (de Leeuw et al, 2020; Lamb et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantifying the contribution of bank erosion to a suspended sediment budget using boat‐mounted LiDAR and high‐frequency suspended sediment monitoring

Haddadchi

Bind

Hoyle

et al. 2023

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Understanding the physical processes as well as the hydrological and morphological factors that influence channel bank erosion is important for river restoration and the management of the floodplain and associated ecosystems. In this study, we introduced an innovative approach to quantify river bank erosion and its contribution to a reach fine sediment budget by combining repeat bank erosion surveys using a jetboat‐mounted LiDAR scanner with concurrent high‐frequency suspended sediment load measurements into and out of the surveyed reach. Using this information, we established a sediment budget for a 5.5‐km‐long study reach of the lower Ōreti River, Southland, New Zealand. A total of three surveys were conducted along the study reach to understand changes in the bank erosion contribution to suspended sediment load at different time scales. The first two surveys were separated by a short period of 8 weeks, and the third survey followed 2.5 years later. The measured volumes of fine sediment rendered from bank erosion equated to 25% and 29% of the measured outflowing suspended load over these two inter‐survey epochs, respectively. By comparison, the net contribution of measured bank erosion and derived fine sediment deposition on the riverbed to the outflowing suspended load was 12% over the first, shorter epoch and 25% for the second, 2.5‐year epoch. These results highlight the important role of in‐channel sediment deposition in the variability of net suspended sediment exports from channel reaches experiencing bank erosion. The approach used in this study has a unique capability to accurately monitor bank erosion and obtain high‐resolution topography data capturing changes in river banks over different time periods.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This unmeasured load can be determined by extrapolating the sand concentration profile for the near bed zone of the river using direct measurements from an in situ laser diffraction instrument (Haddadchi & Rose, 2022) or by estimating the Rouse number (de Leeuw et al, 2020;Lamb et al, 2020).…”

Section: Suspended Sediment Load At the Enclosing Monitoring Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying the contribution of bank erosion to a suspended sediment budget using boat‐mounted LiDAR and high‐frequency suspended sediment monitoring

Haddadchi

Bind

Hoyle

et al. 2023

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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“…The striking decrease in this factor's contributions at the Inde River for all 2018 and 2019 events is related to changes in the riverbed's structure. From rkm 24 downwards, there is a drop in the roughness of the riverbed, which would be a prerequisite for effective sediment storage [173]. The artificial riverbed with minimized micro-scale structures lacks the potential for the retention of particles.…”

Section: Discharge Dependency Of Trace Element Signatures In Flood De...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This abrupt change also implicates locally limited sediment transport during regular flood events, i.e., the sediment cascade is effective on short distances. Heavy particles tend to be transported via saltation, resulting in short-distance transport [173].…”

Section: Discharge Dependency Of Trace Element Signatures In Flood De...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixed response of trace element concentrations in fluvial sediments to a flash flood in a former mining area

Weber,

Lehmkuhl

2024

Environ Sci Eur

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Background Floods, especially flash floods, are the major transporting agent for fluvial sediments, whose pollution is a global concern. As floods result in the dispersion of and exposure to these sediments, a profound understanding of sedimentary dynamics during flood events and the related pollutant dispersion is of relevance. However, the characteristics of extreme flood events concerning pollutant dynamics are insufficiently known so far. Results In a Central European catchment impacted by intense industrial activities and former mining, over the course of five years, we surveyed six high-discharge events, five of them approx. bankfull discharge and one major flash flood event, supplemented by sampling of bank sediments. Fluvial sediments were analyzed for elemental composition by X-Ray fluorescence and for grain size distribution of the fine faction by laser diffraction. By applying a local enrichment factor, trace metal(loid) signatures in these sample sets were compared. Furthermore, Positive Matrix Factorization was used to investigate the trace metal(loid)s’ sources. The sediments deposited by minor flooding had continual trace metal(loid) signatures. However, for the extreme event, significant divergencies arose and persisted for the following years: The enrichment of anthropogenically influenced elements increased, with a slowly decreasing trend in the subsequent two years. Naturally dominated metal(oid)s decrease in enrichment without indicating a return to original levels. In contrast, other elements were insensitive to the extreme event. Positive Matrix Factorization identified anthropogenic influences in elements originating from copper and lead processing and mining activities. Furthermore, bed sediments and a natural background factor were found to dominate the non-anthropogenically influenced metal(loid)s. Conclusions In between extreme events, winnowing processes slowly alter the elemental composition of bed sediments. The depletion of such sediments due to the flash flood proves catchment-wide flushing, which induces a natural resetting of the geochemical signals. This ability to renew is an integral part of resilience in fluvial systems. This mechanism is disturbed by industrial activities in floodplains. The exceptional flooding reaches infrastructure that is assumed to be safe and, therefore, unprotected. These additional sources can shift flood sediments’ trace metal(loid) signature, which has a long-lasting impact on the catchment sediments. However, the modifications depend on the flooding extent, possible emitters, and protection measures.

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“…Parameters optimized from calibration events are useful for engineering computations over a large domain (Haddadchi & Rose, 2022). The proposed framework for conceptual modeling and associated parameter optimization would be beneficial for field data interpretation and parameter estimation in engineering computations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of Sediment Transport Parameters From Measured Suspended Concentration Time Series Under Waves and Currents With a New Conceptual Model

Zhang,

Zhao,

et al. 2024

Water Resources Research

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In‐situ observations of hydrodynamics and suspended sediment concentrations (SSCs) were conducted on an abandoned lobe in the northern part of the modern Yellow River Delta, China. The SSC record at the site is found to be the superposition of a general trend (fast increase and slow decrease cycle) caused by storm waves (SubSSC1) and relatively smaller fluctuations caused by tidal currents (SubSSC2). Physically, this indicates that storm waves eroded the bottom sediments while tidal currents then re‐suspended and advected the suspended sediments in the study area. To further obtain the suspended sediment transport parameters, first, SubSSC1 is modeled with significant wave height which incorporates a “memory curve” to consider the remaining impacts of historical waves. It is detected that waves in the past 75 hr still influence the present SSC which is reasonable because 75 hr is roughly the typical duration of a normal storm. Second, SubSSC2 is modeled with tidal excursion and trigonometric functions with measured periodicities. Finally, some sediment transport parameters, for example, the background SSC, the horizontal SSC gradient, the tidal constituents that advect it, and their relative time lags are optimized from the best fits of the measured and modeled SSC time series. The proposed framework for model construction and parameter optimization can be extended to other sea areas for inferring sediment transport parameters from field SSC time series at a specific station.

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A Physically Based Model of Deposition, Re‐Entrainment, and Transport of Fine Sediment in Gravel‐Bed Rivers

Cited by 7 publications

References 50 publications

Quantifying the contribution of bank erosion to a suspended sediment budget using boat‐mounted LiDAR and high‐frequency suspended sediment monitoring

Quantifying the contribution of bank erosion to a suspended sediment budget using boat‐mounted LiDAR and high‐frequency suspended sediment monitoring

Mixed response of trace element concentrations in fluvial sediments to a flash flood in a former mining area

Estimation of Sediment Transport Parameters From Measured Suspended Concentration Time Series Under Waves and Currents With a New Conceptual Model

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