A phytoceramide analog stimulates the production of chemokines through CREB activation in human endothelial cells

Sekiya, Motohiro; Ueda, Kazunori; Okazaki, Kaori; Terashima, Jun; Katou, Yasuhiro; Kikuchi, Haruhisa; Kurata, Shoichiro; Oshima, Yoshiteru

doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2011.05.001

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…E. aedis has also retained the ability to produce ceramides through a partial sphingolipid biosynthesis pathway. Although the exact function of this pathway in Microsporidia is unknown, many intermediates of the sphingolipid biosynthesis pathway act as signalling molecules 21 or immunoregulators (for example, in Talaromyces 22 ). The pathway for isoprenoid synthesis is completely lost in V. culicis , while the GPI anchor and ceramide pathways are heavily reduced ( Supplementary Note 4 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting host–pathogen interactions and genome evolution in two generalist and specialist microsporidian pathogens of mosquitoes

et al. 2015

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Obligate intracellular pathogens depend on their host for growth yet must also evade detection by host defenses. Here we investigate host adaptation in two Microsporidia, the specialist Edhazardia aedis and the generalist Vavraia culicis, pathogens of disease vector mosquitoes. Genomic analysis and deep RNA-Seq across infection time courses reveal fundamental differences between these pathogens. E. aedis retains enhanced cell surface modification and signalling capacity, upregulating protein trafficking and secretion dynamically during infection. V. culicis is less dependent on its host for basic metabolites and retains a subset of spliceosomal components, with a transcriptome broadly focused on growth and replication. Transcriptional profiling of mosquito immune responses reveals that response to infection by E. aedis differs dramatically depending on the mode of infection, and that antimicrobial defensins may play a general role in mosquito defense against Microsporidia. This analysis illuminates fundamentally different evolutionary paths and host interplay of specialist and generalist pathogens.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting host–pathogen interactions and genome evolution in two generalist and specialist microsporidian pathogens of mosquitoes

et al. 2015

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“…A recent study using a Drosophila ex vivo culture system, has demonstrated that C(24)(2’OH) PHCer isolated from Talaromyces sp . suppressed the immune deficiency pathway dependent expression of antibacterial peptides but stimulated the production of chemokines in human cells [37]. Another study indicates that PHCer showed neuroprotective activity against glutamate-induced toxicity in cultured neurocortical cells and ameliorated the spatial memory in mice, suggesting that PHCer could be a useful therapeutic agent in neurodegenerative diseases [38].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytoceramide in Vertebrate Tissues: One Step Chromatography Separation for Molecular Characterization of Ceramide Species

2013

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Ceramide is a precursor for complex sphingolipids in vertebrates, while plants contain phytoceramide. By using a novel chromatography purification method we show that phytoceramide comprises a significant proportion of animal sphingolipids. Total ceramide including phytoceramide from mouse tissue (brain, heart, liver) lipid extracts and cell culture (mouse primary astrocytes, human oligodendroglioma cells) was eluted as a single homogenous fraction, and then analyzed by thin layer chromatography, and further characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). We detected a unique band that migrated between non-hydroxy fatty acyl ceramide and hydroxy fatty acyl ceramide, and identified it as phytoceramide. Using RT-PCR, we confirmed that mouse tissues expressed desaturase 2, an enzyme that has been reported to generate phytoceramide from dihydroceramide. Previously, only trace amounts of phytoceramide were reported in vertebrate intestine, kidney, and skin. While its function is still elusive, this is the first report of phytoceramide characterization in glial cells and vertebrate brain, heart, and liver.

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“…To screen pharmaceuticals that target innate immunity, we established an ex vivo culture system based on the Drosophila IMD (immune deficiency) signaling pathway. , Because of the striking conservation between the mechanisms that regulate insect immunity and mammalian innate immunity, , Drosophila is a model organism for genetic and molecular studies of innate immunity, and our culture system has proven to be useful for identifying immune regulators that act on human innate immunity. We used this system to search for natural substances that regulate innate immunity. − This paper describes the isolation and structure elucidation of the novel dimeric and monomeric chromanones, gonytolides A–C ( 1 – 3 ), from the fungus Gonytrichum sp. The promoting activities of gonytolide A ( 1 ) and its derivatives on innate immune responses are also described.…”

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confidence: 99%

Structures of the Dimeric and Monomeric Chromanones, Gonytolides A–C, Isolated from the Fungus Gonytrichum sp. and Their Promoting Activities of Innate Immune Responses

et al. 2011

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Innate immunity is the front line of self-defense against microbial infection. After searching for natural substances that regulate innate immunity using an ex vivo Drosophila culture system, we identified a novel dimeric chromanone, gonytolide A, as an innate immune promoter from the fungus Gonytrichum sp. along with gonytolides B and C. Gonytolide A also increased TNF-α-stimulated production of IL-8 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells.

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A phytoceramide analog stimulates the production of chemokines through CREB activation in human endothelial cells

Cited by 8 publications

References 25 publications

Contrasting host–pathogen interactions and genome evolution in two generalist and specialist microsporidian pathogens of mosquitoes

Contrasting host–pathogen interactions and genome evolution in two generalist and specialist microsporidian pathogens of mosquitoes

Phytoceramide in Vertebrate Tissues: One Step Chromatography Separation for Molecular Characterization of Ceramide Species

Structures of the Dimeric and Monomeric Chromanones, Gonytolides A–C, Isolated from the Fungus Gonytrichum sp. and Their Promoting Activities of Innate Immune Responses

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