A Phytotron for Plant Stress Research: How Far Can Artificial Lighting Compare to Natural Sunlight?

Thiel, Stephan; Döhring, Thorsten; Köfferlein, Matthias; Kosak, Andre; Martin, Peter; Seidlitz, Harald K.

doi:10.1016/s0176-1617(96)80279-3

Cited by 113 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…To achieve irradiation regimes very close to solar outdoor conditions from UV light to the near-infrared light, the phytotron facility uses a combination of different lamps and filters that enables the simulation of the daily course of solar radiation from sunrise to sunset (Thiel et al, 1996). Details of climate conditions and plant arrangement in the subchambers are shown in Supplemental Figure S1.…”

Section: Climate Change Scenariosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facing the Future: Effects of Short-Term Climate Extremes on Isoprene-Emitting and Nonemitting Poplar

Vanzo

Jud

et al. 2015

Plant Physiol.

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(H.R.); 0000-0002-9825-867X (J.-P.S.).Isoprene emissions from poplar (Populus spp.) plantations can influence atmospheric chemistry and regional climate. These emissions respond strongly to temperature, [CO 2 ], and drought, but the superimposed effect of these three climate change factors are, for the most part, unknown. Performing predicted climate change scenario simulations (periodic and chronic heat and drought spells [HDSs] applied under elevated [CO 2 ]), we analyzed volatile organic compound emissions, photosynthetic performance, leaf growth, and overall carbon (C) gain of poplar genotypes emitting (IE) and nonemitting (NE) isoprene. We aimed (1) to evaluate the proposed beneficial effect of isoprene emission on plant stress mitigation and recovery capacity and (2) to estimate the cumulative net C gain under the projected future climate. During HDSs, the chloroplastidic electron transport rate of NE plants became impaired, while IE plants maintained high values similar to unstressed controls. During recovery from HDS episodes, IE plants reached higher daily net CO 2 assimilation rates compared with NE genotypes. Irrespective of the genotype, plants undergoing chronic HDSs showed the lowest cumulative C gain. Under control conditions simulating ambient [CO 2 ], the C gain was lower in the IE plants than in the NE plants. In summary, the data on the overall C gain and plant growth suggest that the beneficial function of isoprene emission in poplar might be of minor importance to mitigate predicted short-term climate extremes under elevated [CO 2 ]. Moreover, we demonstrate that an analysis of the canopy-scale dynamics of isoprene emission and photosynthetic performance under multiple stresses is essential to understand the overall performance under proposed future conditions. Climate change will lead to an increase in global temperatures of at least 2°C in the near future (IPCC, 2014). There is at present substantial evidence that this climate change is leading to an increase in the frequency and intensity of extreme events such as heat and drought waves (Feyen and Dankers, 2009;Fischer and Schär, 2010;Perkins et al., 2012;Thornton et al., 2014), creating a sequence of recurring stress and recovery cycles for plants. Coumou and Rahmstorf (2012) showed that, in the last 15 years, five extreme heat wave events have occurred worldwide, four of which were observed also in Europe. Interactions between heat and drought under predicted elevated [CO 2 ] (IPCC, 2014) generate complex, often nonadditive physiological responses. Such effects cannot be predicted by singlefactor analyses and highlight the importance of carrying out controlled, multistress scenarios to investigate plant performance under future climate conditions (Clausen et al., 2011; Alemayehu et al., 2014).Photosynthesis, respiration, and photorespiration are the three dominating processes determining carbon (C) exchange and C metabolism in plants (Bauwe et al., 2010;Mahecha et al., 2010). In addition, the emission of biogenic volatile organic c...

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Section: Climate Change Scenariosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facing the Future: Effects of Short-Term Climate Extremes on Isoprene-Emitting and Nonemitting Poplar

Vanzo

Jud

et al. 2015

Plant Physiol.

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“…Plants were preacclimatized during the summer of 1998 in a climatecontrolled greenhouse under ambient and elevated CO 2 levels (ambient +300 p.p.m.). For the next two summers, the containers were transferred into the four walk-in phytotrons of the GSF -National Research Center for Environment and Health in Munich, Germany (Thiel et al ., 1996;Payer et al ., 1993), where in addition to the CO 2 treatments, plants were exposed to either an ambient (1 × O 3 ) or twice-ambient O 3 regime (2 × O 3 ; O 3 levels restricted to < 150 p.p.b. ; Table 1).…”

Section: Plants and Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and crown architecture of two aspen genotypes exposed to interacting ozone and carbon dioxide

Dickson¹,

Coleman²,

Pechter

et al. 2001

Environmental Pollution

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Summary• A 2-yr phytotron study was conducted to investigate the intra-and inter-specific competitive behaviour of juvenile beech ( Fagus sylvatica ) and spruce ( Picea abies ). Competitiveness was analysed by quantifying the resource budgets that occur along structures and within occupied space of relevance for competitive interaction.• Ambient and elevated CO 2 and ozone (O 3 ) regimes were applied throughout two growing seasons as stressors for provoking changes in resource budgets, growth and allocation to facilitate the competition analysis. The hypothesis tested was that the ability to sequester space at low structural cost will determine the competitive success.• Spruce was a stronger competitor than beech, as displayed by its higher aboveground biomass increments in mixed culture compared with monoculture. A crucial factor in the competitive success of spruce was its ability to enlarge crown volume at low structural costs, supporting the hypothesis.• Interspecific competition with spruce resulted in a size-independent readjustment of above-ground allocation in beech (reduced leaf : shoot biomass ratio). The efficient use of resources for above-ground space sequestration proved to be a parameter that quantitatively reflects competitiveness.

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“…In April 1998, saplings were acclimated for 6 d in the GSF phytotron walk-in chambers (Neuherberg, Germany;Thiel et al, 1996 …”

Section: Ozone Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene Induction of Stilbene Biosynthesis in Scots Pine in Response to Ozone Treatment, Wounding, and Fungal Infection

et al. 2000

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The S-adenosyl-l-methionine:pinosylvin-O-methyltransferase (PMT) 2 gene was sequenced from Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris). The open reading frame is arranged in two exons spaced by one 102-bp intron. Promoter regulatory elements such as two "CAAT" boxes and one "TATA" box were identified. Several cis-regulatory elements were recognized: stress-responsive elements (Myb-responsive elements) as well as G, H, and GC boxes. Moreover, elicitor-responsive elements (W boxes) and a sequence resembling the simian virus 40 enhancer core were found. In phloem and needles of control trees, the transcripts of stilbene synthase (STS) and PMT were hardly detectable. Increased ozone fumigation up to 0.3 L L Ϫ1 enhanced the transcript level of STS and PMT in needles but not in healthy phloem. Wounding, e.g. mock inoculation, of stem-phloem was characterized by a transient increase in STS and PMT transcripts, which was more pronounced in the case of fungal inoculation. Combination of fungal-challenge or mock treatment with ozone resulted in a positive interaction at 0.3 L L Ϫ1 . Scots pine stilbene formation appeared to be induced via STS and PMT gene expression upon ozone and fungal stress as well as wounding. The broad stress-responsiveness is in agreement with the range of various cis-acting elements detected in the STS and PMT promoters.

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A Phytotron for Plant Stress Research: How Far Can Artificial Lighting Compare to Natural Sunlight?

Cited by 113 publications

References 12 publications

Facing the Future: Effects of Short-Term Climate Extremes on Isoprene-Emitting and Nonemitting Poplar

Facing the Future: Effects of Short-Term Climate Extremes on Isoprene-Emitting and Nonemitting Poplar

Growth and crown architecture of two aspen genotypes exposed to interacting ozone and carbon dioxide

Gene Induction of Stilbene Biosynthesis in Scots Pine in Response to Ozone Treatment, Wounding, and Fungal Infection

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