A pilot study to investigate the influence of upper respiratory infections on IgE reactivity to food allergens

Xepapadaki, Paraskevi; Kostoudi, Sophia; Tzeli, Kassiani; Kitsioulis, Nikolaos A.; Papadopoulos, Nikolaos G.

doi:10.1111/pai.12988

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Allergic manifestations depend directly on exposure to the relevant allergen. This response is not linear but has dynamic “cut‐offs” that change in response to continuous exposure (eg, a priming effect) 85 and can be modulated by exposure to other allergens or irritants (eg, infection or pollution) 86,87 . It is difficult to distinguish between or predict specific and nonspecific reactions—especially under natural exposure conditions.…”

Section: Different Aspects Of Placebo Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This response is not linear but has dynamic "cut-offs" that change in response to continuous exposure (eg, a priming effect) 85 and can be modulated by exposure to other allergens or irritants (eg, infection or pollution). 86,87 It is difficult to distinguish between or predict specific and nonspecific reactions-especially under natural exposure conditions. Patients often move between sites (work and home, for example), and the level of allergen exposure varies from one site to another.…”

Section: Environment/disease-related Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Placebo effects in allergen immunotherapy—An EAACI Task Force Position Paper

Pfaar

Agache

Bergmann

et al. 2021

Allergy

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The placebo (Latin “I will please”) effect commonly occurs in clinical trials. The psychological and physiological factors associated with patients’ expectations about a treatment's positive and negative effects have yet to be well characterized, although a functional prefrontal cortex and intense bidirectional communication between the central nervous system and the immune system appear to be prerequisites for a placebo effect. The use of placebo raises certain ethical issues, especially if patients in a placebo group are denied an effective treatment for a long period of time. The placebo effect appears to be relatively large (up to 77%, relative to pretreatment scores) in controlled clinical trials of allergen immunotherapy (AIT), such as the pivotal, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled (DBPC) randomized clinical trials currently required by regulatory authorities worldwide. The European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) therefore initiated a Task Force, in order to better understand the placebo effect in AIT and its specific role in comorbidities, blinding issues, adherence, measurement time points, variability and the natural course of the disease. In this Position Paper, the EAACI Task Force highlights several important topics regarding the placebo effect in AIT such as a) regulatory aspects, b) neuroimmunological and psychological mechanisms, c) placebo effect sizes in AIT trials, d) methodological limitations in AIT trial design and e) potential solutions in future AIT trial design. In conclusion, this Position Paper aims to examine the methodological problem of placebo in AIT from different aspects and also to highlight unmet needs and possible solutions for future trials.

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Section: Different Aspects Of Placebo Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Environment/disease-related Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Placebo effects in allergen immunotherapy—An EAACI Task Force Position Paper

Pfaar

Agache

Bergmann

et al. 2021

Allergy

Self Cite

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“…The findings suggest an increase in skin test reactivity, possibly mediated through increase in sIgE. The study warrants further investigations …”

Section: Mechanisms Of Food Allergymentioning

confidence: 66%

“…The study warrants further investigations. 20 Signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) genetic polymorphisms (rs324015 and rs1059513) have been found to be associated with an increased risk of FA, irrespective of the type of allergenic food. 21 In silico analysis indicates that these alleles increase STAT6 expression, promoting differentiation of naïve CD4 + T cells into Th2 cells.…”

Section: Mechanis Ms Of Food Allergymentioning

confidence: 99%

Food and drug allergy, and anaphylaxis in EAACI journals (2018)

Eigenmann

Akdiş²,

Bousquet

et al. 2019

Pediatric Allergy Immunology

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The European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) supports three journals: "Allergy," "Pediatric Allergy and Immunology (PAI)," and "Clinical and Translational Allergy (CTA)." One of the major goals of EAACI is to support health promotion in which prevention of allergy and asthma plays a critical role and to disseminate the knowledge of allergy to all stakeholders including the EAACI junior members. This paper summarizes the achievements of 2018 in anaphylaxis, and food and drug allergy. Main topics that have been focused are anaphylaxis, mechanisms of food allergy (FA), epidemiology of FA, food allergens, diagnosis of FA, prevention and control of FA, FA immunotherapy, drug allergy, and political agenda. K E Y W O R D S allergy, anaphylaxis, Clinical and Translational Allergy, drug allergy, European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, food allergy, hypersensitivity, Pediatric Allergy and Immunology

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“…In order to investigate whether the acute wheezing attack might have been triggered by allergen contact, we also measured IgE levels in follow-up sera collected several weeks later (median of 11 weeks; Table 1 ), when no sign of infection was present, as examined by a study physician and by PCR-based testing [ 23 , 29 ]. The collection of evidence for the absence of infection during the follow-up visit was relevant to reduce the possibility of the occurrence of infections with additional viruses in the convalescence period.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microarray Technology May Reveal the Contribution of Allergen Exposure and Rhinovirus Infections as Possible Triggers for Acute Wheezing Attacks in Preschool Children

Niespodziana

Stenberg‐Hammar

Papadopoulos

et al. 2021

Viruses

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Allergen exposure and rhinovirus (RV) infections are common triggers of acute wheezing exacerbations in early childhood. The identification of such trigger factors is difficult but may have therapeutic implications. Increases of IgE and IgG in sera, were shown against allergens and the N-terminal portion of the VP1 proteins of RV species, respectively, several weeks after allergen exposure or RV infection. Hence, increases in VP1-specific IgG and in allergen-specific IgE may serve as biomarkers for RV infections or allergen exposure. The MeDALL-allergen chip containing comprehensive panels of allergens and the PreDicta RV chip equipped with VP1-derived peptides, representative of three genetic RV species, were used to measure allergen-specific IgE levels and RV-species-specific IgG levels in sera obtained from 120 preschool children at the time of an acute wheezing attack and convalescence. Nearly 20% of the children (22/120) showed specific IgE sensitizations to at least one of the allergen molecules on the MeDALL chip. For 87% of the children, increases in RV-specific IgG could be detected in the follow-up sera. This percentage of RV-specific IgG increases was equal in IgE-positive and -negative children. In 10% of the children, increases or de novo appearances of IgE sensitizations indicative of allergen exposure could be detected. Our results suggest that, in the majority of preschool children, RV infections trigger wheezing attacks, but, in addition, allergen exposure seems to play a role as a trigger factor. RV-induced wheezing attacks occur in IgE-sensitized and non-IgE-sensitized children, indicating that allergic sensitization is not a prerequisite for RV-induced wheeze.

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A pilot study to investigate the influence of upper respiratory infections on IgE reactivity to food allergens

Cited by 6 publications

References 10 publications

Placebo effects in allergen immunotherapy—An EAACI Task Force Position Paper

Placebo effects in allergen immunotherapy—An EAACI Task Force Position Paper

Food and drug allergy, and anaphylaxis in EAACI journals (2018)

Microarray Technology May Reveal the Contribution of Allergen Exposure and Rhinovirus Infections as Possible Triggers for Acute Wheezing Attacks in Preschool Children

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