Three new zinc(II)/cobalt(II) coordination complexes [Zn(HBTB)(L)0.5] (1), [Zn(HCPPA)(L)] (2), and [Co(HCPPA)(L)]·2H2O (3) [H3BTB = 1,3,5‐tri(4‐carboxylphenyl)benzene, H3CPPA = 5‐(4‐carboxyl‐phenoxy)‐isophthalic acid, L = N1,N4‐bis(3‐pyridyl)naphthaldiamide] were solvothermally synthesized. The structural characterization reveals that complex 1 represents a 3D coordination framework with a binodal 3,4‐connected {4.102}2{4.105}2 topology constructed from the 2D [Zn(HBTB)]n polymeric double‐layers and the bidentate L ligands. Complex 2 is a 1D metal‐organic chain derived from the dinuclear [Zn2(HCPPA)2] loops and [Zn2(L)2] loops. Complex 3 possesses a binodal 3,5‐connected {42.6}{43.6.84.102} topological 2D layered architecture based on the [Co2(HCPPA)2] ribbon chains and the bidentate L ligands. For 2 and 3, their adjacent chains or layers are respectively stacked into 3D supramolecular architectures via the hydrogen bonds. Moreover, the fluorescent and fluorescent sensing activities towards small solvent molecules of coordination complexes 1 and 2, the photocatalyitc properties of 1–3 towards organic dyes were studied.