A portable piezoelectric transformer microplasma optical emission spectrometry for the determination of mercury

Atomic spectrometry update: review of advances in atomic spectrometry and related techniques

“…While there have been great advances in miniaturisation of spectrometers, both sample introduction systems and excitation/ionisation sources still present some challenges. Xu et al 63 addressed the source issue by developing a piezoelectric transformer-driven microplasma (PTM). This consisted of a PTFE block (30 mm × 30 mm × 10 mm) with an 8 mm 2 hole covered with two quartz pieces to form a discharge cavity.…”