A practical alpha particle irradiator for studying internal alpha particle exposure

Lee, Ki-Man; Lee, Ui-Seob; Kim, Eun‐Hee

doi:10.1016/j.apradiso.2016.06.023

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Large γ-H2AX foci from high-LET radiation exposure are generated due to the overlap of nearby foci or complex DNA damage. In experiments with cells in vitro and high-LET particles delivered perpendicular to the cell layer, the microscope views the cells in parallel to the beam track inside the cells unless the cells are detached from and reattached to the dish bottom 19 – 21 . In this view direction, the foci aggregated near the straight track of an alpha particle are visualized as a single large focus 4 , 6 – 8 , 17 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cells were exposed to alpha particles and X-rays individually or were sequentially exposed in the order of alpha particles and X-rays. Alpha particle irradiation was conducted by using the SNU-ALPHACELL, the alpha particle irradiation system at Seoul National University (SNU) made for studying cellular response to alpha emissions from natural sources 21 . Cells were exposed to alpha particles emitted from an Americium-241 disc source at a distance of 30 mm.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of γ-H2AX foci formation under alpha particle and X-ray exposures for dose estimation

Lee

Kim

2022

Sci Rep

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DNA double-strand break (DSB) induction is one of the phenotypes of cellular damage from radiation exposure and is commonly quantified by γ-H2AX assay with the number of excess fluorescent foci per cell as the main component. However, the number of foci alone may not fully characterize the state of DNA damage following exposures to different radiation qualities. This study investigated the feasibility of utilizing the focus size distribution and dephosphorylation rate of γ-H2AX to identify the type of causative radiation and dose. Human lung epithelial cells and mouse vascular endothelial cells were used to observe the expression changes of γ-H2AX foci due to alpha particle and X-ray exposures. Results showed that the average number of excess foci per cell linearly increased with the dose. The focus size distribution showed a consistent pattern depending on the causative radiation type. Three criteria for the identification of causative radiation type were derived from experimental focus size distributions and were validated in blind testing with correct identification of 27 out of 32 samples. The dose could be estimated based on the proportionality constant specific to the identified radiation type with a difference of less than 15% from the actual value. The different dephosphorylation rates of γ-H2AX produced from alpha particle and X-ray exposures were effectively utilized to determine the individual dose contributions of alpha particles and X-rays under mixed beam exposure. Individual doses were estimated to have differences of less than ~ 12% from actual values.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of γ-H2AX foci formation under alpha particle and X-ray exposures for dose estimation

Lee

Kim

2022

Sci Rep

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“…The exposure of cells to alpha particles was conducted by using our own SNU-ALPHACELL system (Lee et al 2016). The RIs of our concern contained in NORM materials are mainly alpha emitters, and those alpha particles carry energies ranging from 5 MeV to 9 MeV.…”

Section: Alpha Particle Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

Combined effect of alpha particles and cigarette smoke on human lung epithelial cells in vitro

Lee

Kim

2019

International Journal of Radiation Biology

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Purpose: The combined toxicity of alpha particles and cigarette smoke to the critical cells in the lungs was investigated to assess the risk of smoking workers who handle naturally occurring radioactive materials. Materials and methods: The toxicity of alpha particles and cigarette smoke extract (CSE) was evaluated in terms of DNA double-strand break (DSB) induction and clonogenic cell death of human lung epithelial cells in vitro. The cells were exposed to alpha particles at doses of up to 0.25 Gy for gamma-H2AX assay and from 1.25 Gy to 5 Gy for clonogenic assay. CSE exposure of the cells was facilitated in the culture medium at CSE concentrations ranging from 1% to 12%. Additional experiments were performed using mouse endothelial cells for comparison. Results: The increases in the levels of DNA DSBs were linearly dependent on radiation dose and CSE concentration. The CSE-treated cells also responded with a linearly increasing number of DNA DSBs to the radiation dose. Both human lung epithelial cells and mouse endothelial cells showed exponential decreases in clonogenic surviving fraction as the dose from alpha particle exposure increased. Both cells responded with the clonogenic surviving fractions decreasing in a linear proportion to the CSE concentration in the culture medium. Conclusion: In our experimental in vitro setup, CSE treatment and alpha particle exposure affected the cells in an additive manner either for DNA DSB production or for clonogenic cell death induction. ARTICLE HISTORY

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“…These studies mainly focused on dosimetry and bystander effects. More recent setups show increased complexity in radiation procedures but great promise in experimental radiobiology [18,19,20,21,22]. However, the active surface of commercially available alpha particle sources (e.g., from Eckert and Ziegler) are often smaller in diameter than culture dishes, thereby precluding quantitative cell colony formation assays, and require optimized protocols for alpha-track irradiation [22,23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, this procedure was used for a novel method for alpha radiation (micro-) dosimetry using fluorescent nuclear track detectors (FNTDs) [16,24,25]. Using computer directed irradiation on cell populations cultured in Mylar dishes allows elaborate cell population assays, compared to previously reported methods [4,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,26,27]. Moreover, the irradiation procedure has been adjusted for cell culture on glass-coverslips, allowing to avoid the Mylar-based culture conditions and the possibility for super-resolution imaging.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large Field Alpha Irradiation Setup for Radiobiological Experiments

Roobol

Kouwenberg

Denkova

et al. 2019

MPs

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The use of alpha particles irradiation in clinical practice has gained interest in the past years, for example with the advance of radionuclide therapy. The lack of affordable and easily accessible irradiation systems to study the cell biological impact of alpha particles hampers broad investigation. Here we present a novel alpha particle irradiation set-up for uniform irradiation of cell cultures. By combining a small alpha emitting source and a computer-directed movement stage, we established a new alpha particle irradiation method allowing more advanced biological assays, including large-field local alpha particle irradiation and cell survival assays. In addition, this protocol uses cell culture on glass cover-slips which allows more advanced microscopy, such as super-resolution imaging, for in-depth analysis of the DNA damage caused by alpha particles. This novel irradiation set-up provides the possibility to perform reproducible, uniform and directed alpha particle irradiation to investigate the impact of alpha radiation on the cellular level.

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A practical alpha particle irradiator for studying internal alpha particle exposure

Cited by 9 publications

References 23 publications

Characterization of γ-H2AX foci formation under alpha particle and X-ray exposures for dose estimation

Characterization of γ-H2AX foci formation under alpha particle and X-ray exposures for dose estimation

Combined effect of alpha particles and cigarette smoke on human lung epithelial cells in vitro

Large Field Alpha Irradiation Setup for Radiobiological Experiments

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