A Practical Guide to Nutrition Support in the Oncology Patient: Tips, Tricks, and Ethical Considerations

Abstract

Purpose of Review Nutrition support may be indicated in the care for oncology patients. Enteral access include nasoenteric, gastrostomy, and jejunostomy tubes. However, it can be challenging to determine which tube is appropriate and how to manage tube complications such as breakage or dislodgement. This review will highlight the devices, placement techniques and practical guide on the approach to enteral access, and touch on nutrition support options for the oncology patient. Recent Findings In regards to tube placement, endoscopic techniques are comparable to radiologically assisted in terms of success and safety. Prediction models have determined who would benefit from prophylactic tube placement, especially in patients with head and neck cancers. However practically some retrospective studies have shown no changes in weight with prophylactic tubes, highlighting the need for further standards on approach for enteral nutrition. Finally, work has continued to explore the need for open communication and shared expectations in management of enteral access in palliative oncology patients. Summary Overall understanding the indication, placement techniques and management of enteral access and nutrition support is pertinent in the treatment of oncology patients, especially those high risk for malnutrition.