A practical guide to reflexivity in qualitative research: AMEE Guide No. 149

Olmos-Vega, Francisco M.; Stalmeijer, Renée E.; Varpio, Lara; Kahlke, Renate

doi:10.1080/0142159x.2022.2057287

Cited by 520 publications

(268 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The primary researcher in this study (EAB) was an individual with an SCI, and a crucial step in their personal reflexivity [ 30 ] involved reflecting on how their position and perspective affected the study, in particular how being a member of the SCI community and having shared experiences but also common contacts allowed for the development of relationships with young people and caregivers. Developing these relationships at the beginning of the study and allowing time for non–research-focused conversations created a safe space in which young people could express their needs.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing a Health Care Transition Intervention With Young People With Spinal Cord Injuries: Co-design Approach

Bray¹,

Everett²,

George³

et al. 2022

JMIR Form Res

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Background Successful transition from pediatric to adult health care settings supports long-term health management and better overall outcomes in all domains. However, young people with spinal cord injuries (SCIs) continue to report challenges and unmet needs during the transition process. Including end users in health care research and intervention design is paramount as interventions designed in this way better meet their specific needs and are often more innovative. Although studies have reported involving young people with chronic conditions in the development of health care transition (HCT) interventions, few details have been provided as to how this was achieved. Objective This study outlined the co-design and development of an HCT intervention to support young people with SCIs. It contextualized the co-design process, methods, materials used, and steps implemented from defining the problem to conceiving and designing the solution. This was accomplished by understanding and listening to end users’ needs and recommendations for HCT. Methods Using participatory methods, this qualitative study reports the co-design of an HCT intervention to support young people with SCIs and parents or caregivers. Two co-design workshops were conducted: one with young people with SCIs and one with parents and caregivers. Categories were defined through a hybrid deductive and inductive qualitative content analysis process that was informed by the Care Transitions Framework and guided the development of the HCT intervention. Following the creation of a prototype intervention, young people with SCIs, parents and caregivers, and key pediatric SCI stakeholders provided feedback on the intervention content and design in focus groups. Similar to the workshops, the focus groups were analyzed using a hybrid deductive and inductive qualitative content analysis process informed by the Care Transitions Framework. The Enhancing the Quality and Transparency of Health Research guidelines for qualitative research (Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research) were applied. Results Overall, 4 young people and 4 parents or caregivers participated in the co-design workshops. Key recommendations for the HCT intervention were that participants wanted a “one-stop shop” for all their transition information needs and an editable portable medical summary to take with them to appointments. On the basis of the analysis of participants’ recommendations from the workshops, it was determined that a website would be an appropriate hosting platform for the interventions. The focus group feedback on the design and content of the prototype website was extremely positive, with minor recommendations for improvement. Conclusions This is the first study to co-design and develop an HCT intervention in partnership with young people with SCIs and parents and caregivers. Although the study sample was small, it has shown that it is possible to meaningfully engage and empower young people with SCIs and parents and caregivers in the co-design of an HCT intervention. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) RR2-10.1136/bmjopen-2021-053212

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing a Health Care Transition Intervention With Young People With Spinal Cord Injuries: Co-design Approach

Bray¹,

Everett²,

George³

et al. 2022

JMIR Form Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In a first step, each author individually coded the transcripts in order to create an initial coding schema. Team reflexive dialogue and reflexive writing helped us to reflect, critique and assess subjectivity and the context as research influencing factors (Olmos-Vega et al, 2022 ). To ensure intercoder reliability, two authors met to discuss the codes (refine, adapt, and integrate new ones) at least once a week.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual-based and interactional resilience mechanisms in social and healthcare service NPOs during the COVID-19 pandemic: Handling a disruptive extreme context in Austria

et al. 2022

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While Austrian social and healthcare service nonprofit organizations (NPOs) are key performers in the COVID-19 pandemic, we also notice their vulnerability in terms of struggling with this disruptive extreme context. The particularity of disruptive extreme contexts is that organizations commonly can neither anticipate them, nor prepare specific countermeasures or specialized resources for fighting against them. Thus, we regard organizational resilience based on non-specialized resources as an appropriate approach for dealing with (the struggles of) disruptive extreme contexts. Organizational resilience refers to an organization's ability to resist disruptive extreme contexts while maintaining and adapting functionality and ultimately learning from these extreme contexts by mobilizing and accessing the required resources, behaviors and capabilities. Based on 33 expert interviews with NPO top and middle managers we aim to explore individual-based and interactional resilience mechanisms of NPOs in the pandemic. The qualitative content analysis yielded to following results: Individual personality traits (e.g., pragmatisms, flexibility) and attitudes (serenity and optimism) constitute individual-based resilience mechanisms. Moreover, a shared (crisis) understanding (e.g., common sense of direction), social connectedness (e.g., team cohesion) and managerial staff orientation (e.g., a caring attitude) as interactional resilience mechanisms helped to maintain and adapt NPOs' functioning. Overall, this study reinforces the multilevel nature of resilience in terms of the crucial combination of individual and interactional resilience mechanisms for facing adversity. Moreover, it emphasizes the evolving nature of resilience in terms of the required time for, e.g., building trust.

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“…Throughout our data collection phase, we engaged in deliberate, iterative reflexive exercises through which we informally appraised the data collected, reflected on what we were learning, and considered whether we required additional information. As an example of methodological reflexivity (Olmos-Vega et al, 2022 ), we collaboratively discussed which learning events we wanted to observe and which of these ought to be formally ‘field-noted.’ We also worked together to determine whether there were gaps in our data that ought to be addressed by adding more formal observations. Our invitations to be interviewed were also iteratively derived, and were based in team conversation about where we needed more information, and who we needed to interview in order to ascertain these data.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the context of an ethnographic study, fieldnotes constitute a significant source of data. Given the nature of the data we collected, and the sometimes-alarming sights, sounds, and smells we encountered through this project, contextual reflexivity (Olmos-Vega et al, 2022 ) was a particular concern. Our research members were encouraged to write freely when they recorded fieldnotes (see Appendix 1 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Negotiating humanity: an ethnography of cadaver-based simulation

MacLeod

Cameron

Luong

et al. 2022

Adv in Health Sci Educ

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Human body donation (HBD) serves an essential function in many medical schools, particularly in institutions where people engage in cadaver-based simulation (CBS) as a pedagogical approach. The people who facilitate HBD and CBS have a highly specialized skill set, yet their expertise remains largely unacknowledged, and takes place out of sight from the broader medical school community. This manuscript, based on a two-year practice-based ethnography (Structured Observations n = 68 h, Unstructured Observations n = 150 + hours; Interviews n = 24; and Document/Policy Analysis n = 14) illuminates the complex work of HBD. We identify three primary functions of HBD and CBS (1. Cadaver Intake & Administration, 2. Cadaver Preparation, and 3. Cadaver-Based Pedagogy). We describe how medical educators involved in CBS have developed a skillset specific to their role: negotiating humanity.

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A practical guide to reflexivity in qualitative research: AMEE Guide No. 149

Cited by 520 publications

References 51 publications

Developing a Health Care Transition Intervention With Young People With Spinal Cord Injuries: Co-design Approach

Developing a Health Care Transition Intervention With Young People With Spinal Cord Injuries: Co-design Approach

Individual-based and interactional resilience mechanisms in social and healthcare service NPOs during the COVID-19 pandemic: Handling a disruptive extreme context in Austria

Negotiating humanity: an ethnography of cadaver-based simulation

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