A preclinical Talbot–Lau prototype for x‐ray dark‐field imaging of human‐sized objects

Hauke, Christian; Bartl, Peter; Leghissa, M.; Ritschl, Ludwig; Sutter, Sven-Martin; Weber, Thomas; Zeidler, J.R.; Freudenberger, J.; Mertelmeier, Thomas; Radicke, Marcus; Michel, Thilo; Anton, G.; Meinel, Felix G.; Baehr, Andrea; Auweter, Sigrid; Bondesson, David; Gaaß, Thomas; Dinkel, Julien; Reiser, Maximilian; Hellbach, Katharina

doi:10.1002/mp.12889

Cited by 21 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…In this study the imaging characteristics of microbubble ultrasound contrast media and microsphere particles, acquired with a preclinical dark-field and phase-contrast imaging scanner, are reported. The imaging setup was successfully used with idealized parameters for preclinical animal investigations published previously [39][40][41] . This study was challenging, as the bubbles float.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prototype is part of a research project cluster and is not commercially available. This www.nature.com/scientificreports www.nature.com/scientificreports/ machine was successfully applied for animal and human sample investigations published previously [39][40][41] . In this preclinical study approval by the local ethical review board was waived, because the experimental setting was neither on human nor on animals.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The samples were placed on an acrylic glass plate table positioned directly before the reference grating G1. To acquire absorption, dark-field and phase contrast images, phase-stepping method according to Weitkamp et al 8 and Pfeiffer et al 9,40 was applied. Exposure time per phase-step image was 50 ms, time for G2 stepping and detector readout between the frames was 100 ms, yielding a total scan time for one FOV scan of approximately 1.2 s by using 8 phase-stepping of the analyser grating.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Imaging characteristics of intravascular spherical contrast agents for grating-based x-ray dark-field imaging – effects of concentrations, spherical sizes and applied voltage

Notohamiprodjo

Treitl

Hauke

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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this study investigates the x-ray scattering characteristics of microsphere particles in x-ray-gratingbased interferometric imaging at different concentrations, bubble sizes and tube voltages (kV). Attenuation (ATI), dark-field (DFI) and phase-contrast (PCI) images were acquired. Signal-to-noise (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratios with water (CNR w) and air as reference (CNR a) were determined. in all modalities, a linear relationship between SnR and microbubbles concentration, respectively, microsphere size was found. A significant gain of SNR was found when varying kV. SNR was significantly higher in DFI and PCI than ATI. The highest gain of SNR was shown at 60 kV for all media in ATI and DFI, at 80 kV for PCI. SNR for all media was significantly higher compared to air and was slightly lower compared to water. A linear relationship was found between CNR a , cnR w , concentration and size. With increasing concentration and decreasing size, cnR a and cnR w increased in DFI, but decreased in PCI. Best cnR a and cnR w was found at specific combination of kV and concentration/size. Highest average cnR a and cnR w was found for microspheres in ATI and PCI, for microbubbles in DFI. Microspheres are a promising contrast-media for grating-based-interferometry, if kV, microsphere size and concentration are appropriately combined. Contrast differences in conventional X-ray imaging rely on the varying degree of attenuation of x-rays penetrating different types of tissue. Contrast is highest in imaging materials with large differences in atomic number, material density, or both, such as bone or lung. However, in clinical radiography structures with only slight density differences, such as the tissue composition within inner organs, need to be examined as well, limiting the usefulness of x-ray attenuation imaging (ATI). Current research focuses on the phase change when the x-ray beam passes through the imaging object. Besides attenuation, alterations in phase change in different types of soft tissue provide additional contrast information. Here, image contrast is generated from interference of the x-ray wave front, caused by a phase shift of the x-ray wave while passing through the object. The phase of a wave front cannot be measured directly. Therefore, the imaging method requires a translation from phase shift to intensity differences. There are various approaches to retrieve phase information from x-ray imaging, including free-space propagation

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Imaging characteristics of intravascular spherical contrast agents for grating-based x-ray dark-field imaging – effects of concentrations, spherical sizes and applied voltage

Notohamiprodjo

Treitl

Hauke

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…Then, a radiation source with a large size and a high power, which provides only incoherent illumination, is available for phase imaging. This advance enabled us to construct X-ray phase imaging systems for (pre-)clinical purposes [51][52][53][54][55] and industrial non-destructive testing [50] with a conventional X-ray tube. Neutron beams for radiography are in general incoherent, and neutron phase imaging was realized by using Talbot-Lau interferometry [56].…”

Section: Extension From Talbot Interferometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress in X-ray and Neutron Phase Imaging with Gratings

Momose

Takano

et al. 2020

QuBS

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Under the JST-ERATO project in progress to develop X-ray and neutron phase-imaging methods together, recent achievements have been selected and reviewed after describing the merit and the principle of the phase imaging method. For X-ray phase imaging, recent developments of four-dimensional phase tomography and phase microscopy at SPring-8, Japan are mainly presented. For neutron phase imaging, an approach in combination with the time-of-flight method developed at J-PARC, Japan is described with the description of new Gd grating fabrication.

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“…With all the efforts from researchers in this field, GPCI is going from benchside to bedside, and some prototypes based on GPCI have been designed and constructed . In most GPCI systems, the phase‐stepping strategy adapted by Weikamp et.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The trigonometric orthogonality of phase‐stepping curves in grating‐based x‐ray phase‐contrast imaging: Integral property and its implications for noise optimization

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2019

Medical Physics

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Purpose Grating‐based x‐ray phase‐contrast imaging (GPCI) is a promising technique for clinical applications as it can provide two newly emerging imaging modalities (differential phase‐contrast and dark‐field contrast) in addition to the conventional absorption contrast. As far, phase‐stepping strategy is the most commonly used approach in GPCI to indirectly acquire differential phase‐contrast and dark‐field contrast. It is known that the obtained phase‐stepping curves (PSCs) have the cosine property and the convolution property, leading to two types of information retrieval approaches in literature: the Fourier component analysis and the multi‐order moment analysis. The purpose of this paper is to derive a new property of PSCs and apply the property to noise optimization for information retrieval. Methods Based on the cosine expression of the flat PSC without the sample and the well‐established convolution relationship between the flat PSC and the sample PSC, we reveal an important integral property of PSCs: the inner product of PSCs and an arbitrary function contains only zero‐order and first‐order components in the Fourier series. Furthermore, we apply the property to the direct multi‐order moment analysis and propose a set of generalized forms including an optimal one in the presence of noise. Results To validate the effectiveness of our analysis, we compared the simulated and real experiment results retrieved by the original direct multi‐order moment analysis with the ones retrieved by our proposed noise‐optimal form. A significant improvement of noise performance by our method is observed and the improvement ratio in differential phase‐contrast is consistent with our theoretical calculation (39.2%). Conclusions In this paper, we reveal a new integral property of the acquired PSCs with and without samples in GPCI, which can be applied to information retrieval approaches like the direct multi‐order moment analysis. Then we optimize these approaches to improve the noise performance, offering great potentials of dose reduction in practical applications.

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A preclinical Talbot–Lau prototype for x‐ray dark‐field imaging of human‐sized objects

Cited by 21 publications

References 46 publications

Imaging characteristics of intravascular spherical contrast agents for grating-based x-ray dark-field imaging – effects of concentrations, spherical sizes and applied voltage

Imaging characteristics of intravascular spherical contrast agents for grating-based x-ray dark-field imaging – effects of concentrations, spherical sizes and applied voltage

Recent Progress in X-ray and Neutron Phase Imaging with Gratings

The trigonometric orthogonality of phase‐stepping curves in grating‐based x‐ray phase‐contrast imaging: Integral property and its implications for noise optimization

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