A preferred pattern of joint coordination during arm movements with redundant degrees of freedom

Dounskaia, Natalia; Wang, Wanyue

doi:10.1152/jn.00082.2014

Cited by 37 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…In adults, they are largely pre-programmed before initiation (Gordon et al, 1994) and follow a fixed kinematic pattern (reaching synergy; see Konczak and Dichgans, 1997). During execution, the redundant degrees of freedom then are constrained by subconscious, lower-level control mechanisms to achieve optimal trajectory control and to compensate for any transient perturbations, thereby following a minimum cost principle (Cruse et al, 1993; Dounskaia and Wang, 2014). Initially these reaching movements are separate intentional acts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Task Complexity Modulates Sleep-Related Offline Learning in Sequential Motor Skills

Blischke

Malangré

2017

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Recently, a number of authors have advocated the introduction of gross motor tasks into research on sleep-related motor offline learning. Such tasks are often designed to be more complex than traditional key-pressing tasks. However, until now, little effort has been undertaken to scrutinize the role of task complexity in any systematic way. Therefore, the effect of task complexity on the consolidation of gross motor sequence memory was examined by our group in a series of three experiments. Criterion tasks always required participants to produce unrestrained arm movement sequences by successively fitting a small peg into target holes on a pegboard. The sequences always followed a certain spatial pattern in the horizontal plane. The targets were visualized prior to each transport movement on a computer screen. The tasks differed with respect to sequence length and structural complexity. In each experiment, half of the participants initially learned the task in the morning and were retested 12 h later following a wake retention interval. The other half of the subjects underwent practice in the evening and was retested 12 h later following a night of sleep. The dependent variables were the error rate and total sequence execution time (inverse to the sequence execution speed). Performance generally improved during acquisition. The error rate was always low and remained stable during retention. The sequence execution time significantly decreased again following sleep but not after waking when the sequence length was long and structural complexity was high. However, sleep-related offline improvements were absent when the sequence length was short or when subjects performed a highly regular movement pattern. It is assumed that the occurrence of sleep-related offline performance improvements in sequential motor tasks is associated with a sufficient amount of motor task complexity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Task Complexity Modulates Sleep-Related Offline Learning in Sequential Motor Skills

Blischke

Malangré

2017

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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“…Interestingly, the shoulder played a significantly smaller role in the pushing movement of the short serve than seen in most other push‐like movement patterns . For example, the netball chest pass, dart throw, and the volleyball set shot are characterized by simultaneous shoulder and elbow joint rotations . The most accurate servers (groups A and B) utilized an elbow‐dominant serve, which produced the most accurate serves and the fewest inaccurate serves.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, previous researchers have speculated that restriction of degrees of freedom does not mean that they are “removed” from the task altogether, but that the system may still use the “irrelevant” degrees of freedom to ensure stable performance . Freezing or restricting specific degrees of freedom allows the server to control a few necessary degrees of freedom rather than attending to nonessential movements …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dounskaia & Wang (2014) reported that the directional preferences used in a drawing task were caused by the individual using a simplified movement pattern at the shoulder and elbow. This preference refers to the joint control pattern, whereby either the shoulder or elbow is rotated while the other joint is restricted . This might explain the restriction of the shoulder joint in the serve motion while the elbow is an active rotator (ie task‐relevant degree of freedom).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reductions in both temporal and spatial movement pattern complexity is associated with greater performance accuracy

et al. 2018

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Push‐like movement patterns have often been associated with accuracy‐based skills because they are assumed to be less complex, however, a push‐like pattern may still exhibit significant complexity, and could require the same number and magnitude of joint rotations as a throw‐like pattern. The purpose of this study was to determine which movement pattern type is utilized, and the complexity with which they are executed. The badminton short serve was chosen for this study as it requires a high degree of accuracy with respect to trajectory of the shuttlecock during a complex skill. Three‐dimensional kinematics were obtained for eight members of the Australian National Doubles Badminton squad as they performed 40 serves each. Principal component analysis revealed that the most accurate servers used a push‐like movement pattern with elbow extension as the primary contributor and wrist adduction as the second largest contributor. They also used a more simplified push‐like movement pattern, restricting shoulder joint movement in all planes and elbow joint movement in the pronation/supination plane. These data support the hypothesis that reducing movement pattern complexity may allow for greater short serve accuracy, and that movement patterns may be more appropriately defined by their level of complexity of execution.

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“…This motion, commonly expressed as angular kinematics (position and velocity), can be used to derive joint torques for each independent direction of motion termed degree of freedom (DOF) using equations of motion. The goal is to derive the active torques that are generated because of muscle contractions in the presence of passive forces, such as those due to gravity or the interaction between connected segments (Dounskaia and Wang, 2014;Gentili et al, 2007;Le Seac'h and McIntyre, 2007;Papaxanthis et al, 2005). The latter passive interaction torques comprise a sizable amount of the overall torques experienced during arm movement (Hollerbach and Flash, 1982).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gravitational and dynamic components of muscle torque underlie tonic and phasic muscle activity during goal-directed reaching

Olesh

Pollard

Gritsenko

2017

Preprint

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Human reaching movements require complex muscle activations to produce the forces necessary to move the limb in a controlled manner. How gravity and the complex kinetic properties of the limb contribute to the generation of the muscle activation pattern by the central nervous system (CNS) is a longstanding question in neuroscience. To address this question, muscle activity is often subdivided into static and phasic components. The former is thought to be related to posture maintenance and transitions between postures. The latter represents the remainder of muscle activity and is thought to be related to active movement production and the compensation for the kinetic properties of the limb. In the present study, we directly addressed how this subdivision of muscle activity into static and phasic components is related to the corresponding components of active muscle torques. Eight healthy subjects pointed in virtual reality to visual targets arranged to create a standard center-out reaching task in three dimensions. Muscle activity and motion capture data were synchronously collected during the movements. The motion capture data were used to calculate gravitational and dynamic components of active muscle torques using a dynamic model of the arm with 5 degrees of freedom. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was then applied to muscle activity and the torque components, separately, to reduce the dimensionality of the data. Muscle activity was also reconstructed from gravitational and dynamic torque components. Results show that the gravitational and dynamic components of muscle torque represent a significant amount of variance in muscle activity. This method could be used to identify static and phasic components of muscle activity using muscle torques. The contribution of both components to the overall muscle activity was largely equal, unlike their relative contribution to active muscle torques, which may reflect a neural control strategy.

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A preferred pattern of joint coordination during arm movements with redundant degrees of freedom

Abstract: Dounskaia N, Wang W. A preferred pattern of joint coordination during arm movements with redundant degrees of freedom.

Cited by 37 publications

References 72 publications

Task Complexity Modulates Sleep-Related Offline Learning in Sequential Motor Skills

Task Complexity Modulates Sleep-Related Offline Learning in Sequential Motor Skills

Reductions in both temporal and spatial movement pattern complexity is associated with greater performance accuracy

Gravitational and dynamic components of muscle torque underlie tonic and phasic muscle activity during goal-directed reaching

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