A preliminary nuclear magnetic resonance investigation of the titanium diisopropoxide bis(2,4-pentanedionate) propanediol sol-gel precursor system

Phillips, Nicolas J.; Milne, Steven J.; Ali, N. J.; Kennedy, J. D.

doi:10.1007/bf00626501

Cited by 21 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The trimethylene acetate found here is possibly a byproduct of thermal decomposition of the acetyl acetonate groups on the [-O-Ti(acac) 2 -O-(CH 2 ) 3 -] n chain, where, acac = CH 3 COCHCOCH 3 , [20]. There are literature reports of the evolution of barium containing gel made from barium acetate in acetic acid; the gel was composed of an interconnecting 3D network of Ba 4 (CH3COO) 8 units [19].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Barium titanate sols prepared by a diol-based sol–gel route

Tangwiwat

Milne

2005

Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The building block of the BT gel structure is probably analogous to that of Ti sols made from TIAA and 1,3 propanediol (i.e. the system [Ti(acac) 2 (OiPr) 2 ]/propane-1,3 diol [20]). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barium titanate sols prepared by a diol-based sol–gel route

Tangwiwat

Milne

2005

Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids

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“…These continue, in the initial stages, to carry the protective acac ligands that have an important role in that they inhibit premature cross-linking and therefore inhibit precipitation before gelation. 12 As a consequence, essentially linear polymers are reasonably proposed although there may also be some hydrolytic M-O-M cross-linking arising from the water of the hydrated lead acetate. The increase in the limiting thickness of crack-free layers could therefore be attributable to this type of linear structure, which may allow the chains to rearrange during drying and shrinkage of the gel layer, making for a more compliant gel system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processing and Sol Chemistry of a Triol‐Based Sol–Gel Route for Preparing Lead Zirconate Titanate Thin Films

Sriprang

Kaewchinda

Kennedy

et al. 2000

Journal of the American Ceramic Society

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A triol-based sol-gel system has been developed for the fabrication of thin films of lead zirconate titanate (PZT). Starting reagents were lead acetate, zirconium and titanium isopropoxides, acetylacetone, and 1,1,1-tris(hydroxymethyl)-ethane (THOME), with 2-methoxyethanol (MOE) being used to dilute the sols for spin coating purposes. Preliminary characterization by NMR spectroscopy suggested that the gels consisted of the metal ions and bound THOME, acetylacetonate, and acetate residues, with some possible M-O-M bridges. Uncracked 0.4 m single-layer PZT films of nominal composition PbZr 0.53 Ti 0.47 O 3 were prepared on platinized substrates. Dielectric and ferroelectric properties were determined for samples made from sols containing 10 and 15 mol% excess lead acetate. Improved values were obtained for samples made from sols containing the higher excess; these exhibited a remanent polarization of 34 C⅐cm ؊1 , a coercive field of 54 kV⅐cm ؊1 , and a relative permittivity of 1000.

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“…Compared to the patterns of PZT-Tween 20 sintered at 2 h 30 min, 3 h, 3 h 30 min, 4 h 30 min and 6 h, the perovskite peaks of PZT-Tween 20 became slightly sharper as we prolonged the sintering time (data not shown), indicating higher extent of crystallinity and larger grain size [16][17][18]. However, nanohexagon shape appears only when sintering PZT-Tween 20 for 3 h at 800 1C, but not at other conditions (refer to Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 68%