A preliminary study on the pathogenicity of <i>Bacillus licheniformis</i> bacteria in immunodepressed mice

Agerholm, Jørgen Steen; Jensen, N. E.; Giese, Steen Bjørck; Jensen, Henrik Elvang

doi:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1997.tb00539.x

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…M239), and a possible pathogen for fungi, bovine, ovine, swine, immunodepressed humans and mice (B. licheniformis) [2,22,23,32]. Despite their clear role in sulfonamide degradation, the possibility of acquired pathogenicity and resistance points to reducing sulfonamide additions to the environment as a precautionary measure.…”

Section: Consortium and Community Biodegradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil Bacterial Consortia and Previous Exposure Enhance the Biodegradation of Sulfonamides from Pig Manure

et al. 2012

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Persistence or degradation of synthetic antibiotics in soil is crucial in assessing their environmental risks. Microbial catabolic activity in a sandy loamy soil with pig manure using 12C- and 14C-labelled sulfamethazine (SMZ) respirometry showed that SMZ was not readily degradable. But after 100 days, degradation in sulfadiazine-exposed manure was 9.2%, far greater than soil and organic manure (0.5% and 0.11%, respectively, p < 0.05). Abiotic degradation was not detected suggesting microbial catabolism as main degradation mechanism. Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism showed biodiversity increases within 1 day of SMZ spiking and especially after 200 days, although some species plummeted. A clone library from the treatment with highest degradation showed that most bacteria belonged to α, β and γ classes of Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Acidobacteria. Proteobacteria (α, β and γ), Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes which were the most abundant classes on day 1 also decreased most following prolonged exposure. From the matrix showing the highest degradation rate, 17 SMZ-resistant isolates biodegraded low levels of 14C-labelled SMZ when each species was incubated separately (0.2-1.5%) but biodegradation was enhanced when the four isolates with the highest biodegradation were incubated in a consortium (Bacillus licheniformis, Pseudomonas putida, Alcaligenes sp. and Aquamicrobium defluvium as per 16S rRNA gene sequencing), removing up to 7.8% of SMZ after 20 days. One of these species (B. licheniformis) was a known livestock and occasional human pathogen. Despite an environmental role of these species in sulfonamide bioremediation, the possibility of horizontal transfer of pathogenicity and resistance genes should caution against an indiscriminate use of these species as sulfonamide degraders.

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Section: Consortium and Community Biodegradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil Bacterial Consortia and Previous Exposure Enhance the Biodegradation of Sulfonamides from Pig Manure

et al. 2012

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“…A similar pulmonary localization has been observed in mice following intravenous inoculation of B. licheniformis. 2 Moreover, the lack of persistent extrauterine infectious foci is in accordance with the normal white blood cell counts, normal temperature, and lack of recurring bacteremia. The findings are also consistent with the lack of reports regarding B. licheniformis infections in extrauterine tissues of animals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…The identity of the strain was confirmed by both the LMG Culture Collection, University of Gent, Belgium (strain No. LMG 17336) 2 and the German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany (strain No. DSM 96-597).…”

Section: Strain Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental Infection of Pregnant Cows with Bacillus licheniformis Bacteria

Agerholm¹,

Jensen²,

Dantzer³

et al. 1999

Vet Pathol

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Abstract. To study the abortifacient potential and fetoplacental tropism of Bacillus licheniformis bacteria, eight cows in the sixth to eighth month of gestation were inoculated intravenously either once (n ϭ 4) or on four successive days (n ϭ 4) with B. licheniformis at doses ranging from 10 9 to 10 12 colony-forming units. Cows were euthanatized and necropsied prior to abortion (n ϭ 2), at the time of abortion (n ϭ 2), or at calving (n ϭ 4). Live-born calves (n ϭ 5) were euthanatized immediately after delivery and necropsied. B. licheniformis was reisolated from placentomes/endometrium in six of eight (75%) cows and from one fetus aborted 43 days after inoculation. Lesions associated with B. licheniformis were restricted to the pregnant uterus, with the exception of one cow, which developed pneumonia. Necrosis in the fetal compartment of the placenta were present in three of four (75%) cows of both inoculation groups. Lesions were mainly restricted to fetal membranes and especially to the fetal side of the placentomes. Necrosis and diffuse neutrophil infiltrations of both villi and intervillous areas occurred in the fetal part of the placenta, and the placentomal interface was distended by bacteria, neutrophils, erythrocytes, and debris. Within trophoblasts, bacteria were located both free in the cytoplasm and in cytoplasmatic vesicles. Inflammation was present in three of eight (38%) calves. Placental and fetal lesions were similar to those found in cases of spontaneous abortions associated with B. licheniformis. The abortifacient potential of B. licheniformis and the tropism for the bovine placenta is demonstrated here for the first time.

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“…Bacillus licheniformis (BL) is also a soil-borne, rod-shaped, microorganism. BL is pathogenic (Haydushka, 2012;Agerholm, 1997). Its spores travel by air, and reside in bird plumage where it may play a role in molting (Burtt, 1999;Burtt, 2010).…”

Section: Ecological Nichementioning

confidence: 99%

Amylolysis of eight different starches with four different species of alpha-amylase

Sheets

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I would like to thank Dan Falconer for always being a good sport to bounce ideas off of.Rupendrea Mukerjea was a great laboratory supervisor who was very knowledgeable. I would like to thank Dr. John Robyt for taking me on in his lab. I am grateful for Richard Honzatko for taking me under his supervision when health issues resulted in the lab disintegrating. I am indebted to the Iowa State Chemistry Department and Dr. Jesudoss Kingston for hiring me and promoting me so I would have a job, but one that did not involve freshman my second semester teaching. And lastly, I would like to thank the "Honorable" Representative Larry Sheets for being a thorn in my side for the last 24 years.

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A preliminary study on the pathogenicity of Bacillus licheniformis bacteria in immunodepressed mice

Cited by 8 publications

References 12 publications

Soil Bacterial Consortia and Previous Exposure Enhance the Biodegradation of Sulfonamides from Pig Manure

Soil Bacterial Consortia and Previous Exposure Enhance the Biodegradation of Sulfonamides from Pig Manure

Experimental Infection of Pregnant Cows with Bacillus licheniformis Bacteria

Amylolysis of eight different starches with four different species of alpha-amylase

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