A preliminary study on the distribution patterns of endemic species of Fulgoromorpha (Hemiptera, Auchenorrhyncha) in Iran

Abstract

Iran is known as the most complex and varied country in southwest Asia, in terms of geography, vegetation, climate and consequently biological diversity. The rather high number of recorded endemic species of Fulgoromorpha in Iran indicates a high potential for speciation in some areas.In this study, in order to identify the endemic zones for Fulgoromorpha of Iran, three main biogeographic regions of the country were divided into 13 primary zones, mainly according to the distribution of published and unpublished locality records of endemic species. Using Venn diagrams and cluster analyses on the primary zones, 6 final endemic zones were recognized: Caspian zone, southern slopes of Alborz, Zagros Mountains, Kerman Mountains, Khorasan Mountains, and Baluchestan and Persian Gulf coasts. Then a similarity map was produced for endemic zones using a Multidimensional analysis (Alscal) and the differences between the positions of the same zones in the similarity and geographic maps were discussed.

Chironomidae (Diptera: Insecta) of Qeshlagh River, Kurdistan: DNA and morphology reveal new genus, species, and faunistic records for Iran

“…The country is located in the Palaearctic; however, its borders are close to other biogeographical realms (Olson et al, 2001;Paknia et al, 2008). The high biodiversity of Iranian fauna, particularly insects, has been contributed to its location and the influences from Palaearctic in the north, in the south Afrotropical from the Arabian Peninsula and in the southeast the Oriental region (Abe et al, 2007;De Moor & Ivanov, 2007;Lashkari Bod et al, 2011;Madjnoonian et al, 2005;Mirmoayedi & Malicky, 2002;Mozaffarian, 2013;Paknia et al, 2008;Paksa et al, 2019;Schneider et al, 2018;Sperling & Nazari, 2007). Therefore, it should also Mohammadi et al, 2021).…”

“…However, some species with Holarctic distribution are also present such as C. rufiventris and E. claripennis. (Frey & Probst, 1986;Hedge & Wendelbo, 1978;Mozaffarian, 2013;Zohary, 1973). This heterogeneity can significantly contribute to a high rate of speciation within the country and endemism of many faunas (Mozaffarian, 2013).…”

“…(Frey & Probst, 1986;Hedge & Wendelbo, 1978;Mozaffarian, 2013;Zohary, 1973). This heterogeneity can significantly contribute to a high rate of speciation within the country and endemism of many faunas (Mozaffarian, 2013).…”

Pleistocene climate fluctuations as the major driver of genetic diversity and distribution patterns of the Caspian green lizard, Lacerta strigata Eichwald, 1831

“…In Iran, L. strigata is found in the Alborz mountain range, which extends along the southern coast of the Caspian Sea from Talysh (Iran, Azerbaijan) in the west to Kopeh Dag Mountains in (Allen et al, 2003;Ghorbani, 2013;Stocklin, 1968). This mountain range is regarded as a biogeographic barrier for fauna and flora exchange between the southern and northern sides (Ghorbani, 2013;Mozaffarian, 2013).…”

A faunistic study on the leafhoppers of northwestern Iran (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae)

“…Jiri Dlabola, from the Czech Republic, studied considerable numbers of Auchenorrhyncha species from Iran in the 1970s, which led to the discovery of more than 100 new Cicadellidae species in a long series of papers ( Dlabola 1974 , 1977 , 1980 , 1981 , 1982 , 1983 , 1985 ). More recently other authors have published on the fauna: Karimzadeh et al (1998) ; Haghshenas and Khajeali (2000) ; Lashkari et al (2009) ; Taghizadeh et al (2010) ; Mozaffarian and Taghizadeh (2010) ; Mozaffarian and Emeljanov (2010) ; Mozaffarian et al (2010) ; Mozaffarian and Sanborn (2010 , 2012 , 2013 ); Mozaffarian and Gnezdilov (2011) ; Gnezdilov and Mozaffarian (2011) ; Moazaffarian and Wilson (2011) ; Moosavi and Sadeghi Namaghi (2012) ; Mozaffarian (2012a , b ); Taghizadeh (2012) ; Zohdi et al (2012) ; Aghagoli-Marzijarani et al (2013) , Mozaffarian (2013) and Abdollahi et al (2013 , 2014 ). There have been a wide range of researchers who mainly focused on the Auchenorrhyncha as pests in both agricultural and forest ecosystems in Iran such as: Gharib (1966) ; Kheyri and Alimoradi (1969) ; Kheyri (1989 , 1992); Rajabi and Mirzayans (1989) ; Behdad (1992, 1993 ); Khajehali et al (2001) ; Nematollahi and Khajehali (2000) ; Yarmand et al (2006) ; Aghagoli-Marzjarani et al (2010) ; Taghizadeh et al (2010) amongst others.…”