A primitive protostegid from Australia and early sea turtle evolution

Kear, Benjamin P.; Lee, Michael S. Y.

doi:10.1098/rsbl.2005.0406

Cited by 87 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…These two lineages were already established in the Cretaceous (Kear and Lee 2006). In addition, there was an extinct lineage called Protostegidae in the Cretaceous.…”

Section: Chelonioideamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Evolution of Marine Reptiles

2009

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Reptiles have repeatedly invaded marine environments despite their physiological constraints as air breathers. Marine reptiles were especially successful in the Mesozoic as major predators in the sea. There were more than a dozen groups of marine reptiles in the Mesozoic, of which four had more than 30 genera, namely sauropterygians (including plesiosaurs), ichthyopterygians, mosasaurs, and sea turtles.

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“…These two lineages were already established in the Cretaceous (Kear and Lee 2006). In addition, there was an extinct lineage called Protostegidae in the Cretaceous.…”

Section: Chelonioideamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Evolution of Marine Reptiles

2009

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“…The nesting formed by the three extant chelonioids in the Adams consensus tree actually represents a strictly supported three-taxon statement, but the placement of M. undulatus with respect to these three taxa is uncertain (SRC tree 8). Mesodermochelys undulatus is usually considered to be a close relative of Dermochelys coriacea (e.g., Hirayama & Chitoku 1996;Kear & Lee 2006). In Joyce (2007), this relationship was only supported by the partial loss of carapacial scales, an ordered multistate character (see character 87, above).…”

Section: Panchelonioidea Joyce Et Al 2004mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Protostegidae like S. gaffneyi are usually considered to be the sister group of Dermochelyidae, the clade that contains the extant leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea (Hirayama 1998;Kear & Lee 2006). More protostegids should be included in future studies in o rd e r t o c o n fi r m t h i s re l a t i o n s h i p w i t h b a s a l eucryptodires (see also character 81, above).…”

Section: 'Plesiochelyidae' Rütimeyer 1873mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reassessment of the phylogenetic interrelationships of basal turtles (Testudinata)

Anquetin¹

2017

Preprint

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Recent discoveries from the Late Triassic and Middle Jurassic have significantly improved the fossil record of early turtles. These new forms offer a unique opportunity to test the interrelationships of basal turtles. Nineteen fossil species are added to the taxon sample of the most comprehensive morphological phylogenetic analysis of the turtle clade. Among these additional species are recently discovered forms (e.g., Odontochelys semitestacea, Eileanchelys waldmani, Condorchelys antiqua), taxa generally omitted from previous analyses (e.g., chengyuchelyids, Sichuanchelys chowi) and species included in a phylogenetic analysis for the first time (Naomichelys speciosa and Siamochelys peninsularis). The coding of several characters is reassessed in light of recent observations, but also in order to reduce unwarranted assumptions on character and character state homologies. Additional characters from previous analyses, as well as five new ones, are also included, resulting in a data matrix of 178 characters scored for 86 turtle species and 7 fossil outgroups.The data set resolves the relationships of most newly included taxa, with the exception of Sichuanchelys chowi and 'Chengyuchelys' dashanpuensis. The phylogenetic placement of Heckerochelys romani, Condorchelys antiqua and Eileanchelys waldmani as stem turtles more derived than Kayentachelys aprix but more basal than Meiolania platyceps and Mongolochelys efremovi is corroborated. The relationships of chengyuchelyids remain unclear and more investigation is needed regarding these forms, yet interestingly they are unstable with respect to stem turtles. In contrast to previous analyses, Arundelemys dardeni is placed within pleurosternids. Siamochelys peninsularis falls within xinjiangchelyids. Perhaps the most salient conclusion of the present study is the placement of Naomichelys speciosa as a basal member of a clade uniting meiolaniids, Mongolochelys efremovi and Otwayemys cunicularius. This clade of rather large stem turtles was spread worldwide during the Mesozoic at least and persisted up until the Pleistocene with meiolaniids.This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.CC-BY 4.0

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“…For example, Hirayama ( , 1997Hirayama ( , 1998 and Parham and Fastovsky (1997) consider them as within Chelonioidea, on the stem of Cheloniidae (i.e., pan-cheloniids). Other workers (Gaffney and Meylan, 1988;Kear and Lee, 2006) place these taxa outside crown group marine turtles, i.e., as stem chelonioids. The present matrix is not constructed to resolve this issue, which would require the inclusion of D. coriacea, other dermochelyids, various non-chelonioid cryptodires, and additional characters.…”

Section: Operational Taxonomic Unitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This pattern generally coincides with the appearance and proliferation of this morphology in non-protostegid sea turtles. It is interesting to note that protostegids were already in decline by this time and rarely evolved shearing ecomorphs (but see Bouliachelys suteri Kear and Lee, 2006).…”

Section: Naromentioning

confidence: 99%

New sea turtle from the Miocene of Peru and the iterative evolution of feeding ecomorphologies since the Cretaceous

2010

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ABSTRACT-The seven species of extant sea turtles show a diversity of diets and feeding specializations. Some of these species represent distinctive ecomorphs that can be recognized by osteological characters and therefore can be identified in fossil taxa. Specifically, modifications to the feeding apparatus for shearing or crushing (durophagy) are easily recognizable in the cranium and jaw. New sea turtle fossils from the Miocene of Peru, described as a new genus and species (Pacifichelys urbinai n. gen. and n. sp.), correspond to the durophagous ecomorph. This new taxon is closely related to a recently described sea turtle from the middle Miocene of California, USA (Pacifichelys hutchisoni n. comb.), providing additional information on the osteological characters of this lineage. A phylogenetic analysis of Pacifichelys and other pan-chelonioid sea turtle lineages shows that at least seven lineages independently evolved feeding specialized for shearing or crushing. The iterative evolution of these morphologies is plausibly linked to ecological factors such as the development of seagrass communities and the opening of niches through extinction that occurred from the Cretaceous to the Miocene.

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A primitive protostegid from Australia and early sea turtle evolution

Cited by 87 publications

References 9 publications

The Evolution of Marine Reptiles

The Evolution of Marine Reptiles

Reassessment of the phylogenetic interrelationships of basal turtles (Testudinata)

New sea turtle from the Miocene of Peru and the iterative evolution of feeding ecomorphologies since the Cretaceous

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