A Profitable and Energy-Efficient Cooperative Fog Solution for IoT Services

Abstract

Fog-to-Fog (F2F) communication has been introduced to deliver services to clients with minimal reliance on the cloud through resource and capability sharing of cooperative fogs. Current solutions assume full cooperation among the fogs to deliver simple and composite services. Realistically, each fog might belong to a different network operator or service provider and thus will not participate in any form of collaboration unless self-monetary profit is incurred. In this paper, we introduce a fog collaboration approach for simple and complex multimedia service delivery to cloud subscribers while achieving shared profit gains for the cooperating fogs. The proposed work dynamically creates short-term service-level-agreements (SLA) offered to cloud subscribers for service delivery while maximizing user satisfaction and fog profit gains. The solution provides a learning mechanism that relies on online and offline simulation results to build guaranteed workflows for new service requests. The configuration parameters of the short-term SLAs are obtained using a modified tabu-based search mechanism that uses previous solutions when selecting new optimal choices. Performance evaluation results demonstrate significant gains in terms of service delivery success rate, service quality, reduced power consumption for fog and cloud datacenters, and increased fog profits.

A game theoretic analysis of resource mining in blockchain

“…Although this work is motivated by BTC, it is more heavily influenced by the future of Blockchain. The work and game theoretic model presented here can be applicable to other mining systems that utilize a similar mining system to BTC, therefore well versed in many different potential Blockchain applications [3,16,30]. Furthermore, the work presented here can be easily adapted to other mining schemes in the future making this a pivotal model and work on game theory and its relation to the mining process for Blockchain.…”

Resilient Service Embedding in IoT Networks

“…The authors in [23] proposed an architecture that creates shortterm service level agreements (SLAs) dynamically. The proposed architecture maximized user satisfaction and fog profit gains to the cloud subscribers.…”

Editorial

“…The adaptation of network softwarization solutions is another research topic that has gained popularity recently 14 . Given the hardware and software capabilities of moving devices, resource and task sharing through cooperation and collaboration techniques is a hot topic 15 . Devices are not considered only service acquirers anymore, but rather due to their capabilities can now provide services to other devices 16 .…”