A Prospective Study of Triglyceride Level, Low-Density Lipoprotein Particle Diameter, and Risk of Myocardial Infarction

Stampfer, Meir J.; Krauss, Ronald M.; Ma, Jing; Blanche, Patricia J.; Holl, Laura Glines; Sacks, Frank M.; Hennekens, Charles H.

doi:10.1001/jama.1996.03540110036029

Cited by 784 publications

(433 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The predominance of small dense LDL (sdLDL) was reported to be particularly atherogenic. This observation has been confirmed in prospective studies (Gardner et al, 1996;Stampfer et al, 1996;Lamarche et al, 1997). Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain this association: their low affinity to the LDL receptor, low resistance to oxidative stress, prolonged plasma half-life, high binding affinity to surface components in the vessel wall and efficient penetration into the intima (Chait et al, 1993;Chapman et al, 1998;Brewer, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

LDL particle size, fat distribution and insulin resistance in obese children

et al. 2005

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Background: The importance of small dense low-density lipoprotein (sdLDL) cholesterol in coronary heart disease has been demonstrated in many studies. Body fat accumulation, especially abdominal adiposity, is one of the important factors modifying the expression of sdLDL in adults. Objective: To determine the prevalence of sdLDL in obese children, and to investigate its relationship with anthropometric and metabolic variables. Subjects: A total of 30 obese children (22 males, 8 females) aged 12.670.6 years (mean7s.e.), who presented to our outpatient clinic with obesity. Methods: LDL peak particle diameter was determined using gel electrophoresis. LDL subclasses were classified into sdLDL (pattern B; diametero25.5 nm) and non-sdLDL (pattern A; diameterX25.5 nm). Anthropometric and metabolic variables were also determined to identify factors modifying LDL particle size. Results: sdLDL was detected in 11 children (40.0%). In children with sdLDL, waist/height ratio was significantly higher (P ¼ 0.0466), and they had significantly higher triglyceride (TG) (P ¼ 0.0035) and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) levels (P ¼ 0.036). Peak LDL diameter as a continuous variable was significantly correlated with HDLC and TG levels. In multiple regression analysis, body mass index and waist/height ratio were significant determinants of the peak LDL diameter variability. Conclusions: We found a high prevalence of sdLDL in obese children, and a relationship of peak LDL diameter with abdominal fat accumulation, HDLC and TG levels. The presence of sdLDL might be an important risk factor for the metabolic syndrome.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

LDL particle size, fat distribution and insulin resistance in obese children

et al. 2005

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“…Low HDL-C concentration is one of the most important coronary risk factors [48][49][50] ; therefore, telmisartan may prevent coronary events in some patients by increasing HDL-C concentration and preheparin LpL mass concentration. Some reports have clarified that small dense LDL-C is involved in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance, and this type of LDL is often associated with coronary artery disease [51][52][53] . Shirai et al 28) reported that troglitazone increased LDL particle size and preheparin LpL mass concentration.…”

Section: Effects Of Telmisartan Therapy On Preheparin Lpl Mass Concenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonist Telmisartan on Lipoprotein Lipase Mass in Preheparin Serum

Hatori

Takahashi

Iizuka

et al. 2008

JAT

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“…There have been concerns that high carbohydrate intakes at the expense of fat, particularly monounsaturated fat (Coulston et al, 1989;Mensink and Katan, 1987;Garg et al, 1994) could result in a rise in triglycerides and very-lowdensity lipoproteins and a suppression of HDL levels, which could translate into a higher risk of heart disease (Gordon et al, 1989;Stampfer et al, 1996;Vega & Grundy, 1996;Hokanson & Austin, 1996). However, not all carbohydrate-rich diets may produce the same effects on HDL levels, as low-GI diets may confer a more favorable lipid profile compared with high-GI diets.…”

Section: The Glycemic Index In Coronary Heart Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Glycemic index in chronic disease: a review

et al. 2002

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Aim: The intent of this review is to critically analyze the scientific evidence on the role of the glycemic index in chronic Western disease and to discuss the utility of the glycemic index in the prevention and management of these disease states. Background: The glycemic index ranks foods based on their postprandial blood glucose response. Hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance, as well as their determinants (eg high energy intake, obesity, lack of physical activity) have been implicated in the etiology of diabetes, coronary heart disease and cancer. Recently, among dietary factors, carbohydrates have attracted much attention as a significant culprit, however, different types of carbohydrate produce varying glycemic and insulinemic responses. Low glycemic index foods, characterized by slowly absorbed carbohydrates, have been shown in some studies to produce beneficial effects on glucose control, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, blood lipids and satiety. Method: Studies on the short and long-term metabolic effects of diets with different glycemic indices will be presented and discussed. The review will focus primarily on clinical and epidemiological data, and will briefly discuss in vitro and animal studies related to possible mechanisms by which the glycemic index may influence chronic disease.

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A Prospective Study of Triglyceride Level, Low-Density Lipoprotein Particle Diameter, and Risk of Myocardial Infarction

Cited by 784 publications

References 37 publications

LDL particle size, fat distribution and insulin resistance in obese children

LDL particle size, fat distribution and insulin resistance in obese children

Effect of the Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonist Telmisartan on Lipoprotein Lipase Mass in Preheparin Serum

Glycemic index in chronic disease: a review

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