A Protocol to Assess the Enzymatic Release of Dissolved Organic Phosphorus Species in Waters under Environmentally Relevant Conditions

Monbet, Phil; McKelvie, Ian D.; Saefumillah, and Asep; Worsfold, Paul J.

doi:10.1021/es070573c

Cited by 68 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…DOP could be used as a nutrient source for plants through enzymatic hydrolysis [22,23], especially when the level of SRP was very low [24]. In each CW, the DOP level remained relatively constant, which was also observed in Monbet's research [25]. However, the mean value of DOP in the SCW was 0.023 mg/L, which was slightly higher than the 0.020 mg/L observed in the GCW.…”

Section: Variation Of P Speciationmentioning

confidence: 56%

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Variations in Phosphorus Speciation in Pilot Scale Subsurface Flow Wetlands Constructed with Blast Furnace Slag and Gravel

Shan

Cheng

2009

CLEAN Soil Air Water

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Variations in phosphorus (P) speciation were compared for two types of pilot scale wetlands: a blast furnace slag-based constructed wetland (SCW), and a gravel-based constructed wetland (GCW). Synthetic secondary effluent was used as the influent of the wetlands, which contained 1.1 mg/L P with more than 95% present as soluble reactive P (SRP). However, dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) and particulate phosphorus (PP) emerged in the water along both wetlands. The levels of these three P species varied between the two wetlands. The GCW was more efficient than SCW at removing SRP, but showed a different trend. SRP decreased continually in the SCW, while it increased at the end of the GCW due to biological release. DOP was constant in SCW and GCW, and the mean value was 0.023 and 0.020 mg/L, respectively. The mean values of PP in the GCW ranged between 0.093 and 0.216 mg/L; much higher than the 0.05 l 0.01 mg/L measured in the SCW. Sequential extractions showed that iron bound PP (Fe-PP), aluminum bound PP (Al-PP), organic PP (Org-PP) and occluded PP (Oc-PP) were the major components of PP at most locations of the GCW. Fe-PP decreased from 0.53 to 0.14 mg/L in the upper layer, with DO steady at about 0.15 mg/L at the bottom. Oc-PP increased at each layer. Al-PP and Org-PP were steady in the first 140 cm of the GCW, but decreased sharply at the end. Considering the variation of SRP, DOP and PP fractionations, it can be seen that PP exchanged intensively with SRP in the GCW, and might act as an intermediate in the P removal process. Part of the SRP was first transformed into PP, and then absorbed by substrates or deposited in the wetlands. P removal was mainly via Ca precipitation in the SCW, but involved multiple mechanisms in the GCW, such as precipitation, adsorption and biological interactions. The multiple P removal mechanisms might be the reason for the low proportion of SRP, and the better P removal efficiency observed in the GCW.

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Section: Variation Of P Speciationmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…Removal of P is largely reliant on precipitation in SCW and on adsorption in GCW. Precipitation in CW has no effect on DOP levels [25].…”

Section: Variation Of P Speciationmentioning

confidence: 95%

Variations in Phosphorus Speciation in Pilot Scale Subsurface Flow Wetlands Constructed with Blast Furnace Slag and Gravel

Shan

Cheng

2009

CLEAN Soil Air Water

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“…After incubation, P i released during hydrolysis of the target class is calculated as the difference between the molybdatereactive P detected in assays with and without enzymes present (Turner et al 2002a;He and Honeycutt 2005). The analysis of hydrolysable P compounds has been assessed in soils (Pant et al 1994;Shand and Smith 1997;Turner et al 2002a;He et al 2004), manures (He et al 2006;He et al 2007c), soils amended with manures (He et al 2007c;Johnson and Hill 2010), leached dairy effluent (Toor et al 2003), and in sediment pore water using a flow through apparatus (Monbet et al 2007). A recent review of soil enzyme activity and enzymatic hydrolysis methods is also available (Bu¨nemann 2008).…”

Section: Enzymatic Hydrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

The inositol phosphates in soils and manures: Abundance, cycling, and measurement

2011

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This review focuses on recent advances in understanding the origins, abiotic and biotic cycling, and measurement of inositol phosphates (IP x) in manures and soils. With up to eight orthophosphates bound to inositol via ester linkages, this class of compounds has the potential to be unavailable to enzymatic hydrolysis when sorbed or in complex with soil metals, limiting the release of phosphorus (P) for uptake by plants. However, hydrolysis of IP x by microbial phytases in aquatic environments could result in a potent source of the eutrophication agent orthophosphate. This review discusses the forms and stereoisomers of IP x that have been identified in environmental samples. Next, it discusses the various techniques used to identify IP x , including extraction and concentration, separation techniques such as electrophoresis, spectroscopic methods such as phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31 P-NMR), mass spectrometry and X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES), and enzymatic techniques, such as enzyme hydrolysis (EH). Recent advances in knowledge about abiotic and biotic factors controlling the cycling of IP x in soil, manure and water are summarised, including soil characteristics affecting IP x sorption, transportation processes, and the microbial production and degradation of IP x. Finally, areas for future research focus are discussed.

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“…The main techniques used to identify classes or forms of P compounds in environmental samples include enzymatic hydrolysis (He et al 2003;Monbet et al 2007), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) (Nanny et al 1995) and 31 P nuclear magnetic resonance ( 31 P NMR) (Turner et al 2003a). In particular, solution 31 P NMR has been used extensively for more than 3 decades for sediment and soil samples (Newman and Tate 1980;Turner et al 2003b;Cade-Menun 2005;Ahlgren et al 2006;Bai et al 2009;Zhang et al 2013;Ding et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Classes of dissolved and particulate phosphorus compounds and their spatial distributions in the water of a eutrophic lake: a 31P NMR study

et al. 2015

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Knowledge of phosphorus (P) components in water is vital to understanding the biogeochemistry of the P cycle, but little information is available about P, especially organic P components in water. We used solution 31 P nuclear magnetic resonance technology ( 31 P NMR) to characterize the classes of dissolved and particulate P compounds, as well as their spatial variation, in eutrophic Lake Taihu, Eastern China. Results showed that orthophosphate and monoesters were the dominant components in dissolved and particulate P. The main difference between the classes of dissolved and particulate P compounds was that phosphonate was detected in dissolved P, whereas pyrophosphate was mainly found in particulate P. The proportions of various classes of P compounds in particulate total P were relatively stable, which may be partly attributed to phytoplankton. In dissolved total P (DTP), the proportions of orthophosphate and monoester varied substantially and were significantly correlated with DTP concentration. According to the source of P and the ratios of dominant classes of P compounds in dissolved and particulate P, the dissolved orthophosphate may be substantially influenced by pollution sources, and other P compounds are mainly controlled by biological transformation processes.

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A Protocol to Assess the Enzymatic Release of Dissolved Organic Phosphorus Species in Waters under Environmentally Relevant Conditions

Cited by 68 publications

References 45 publications

Variations in Phosphorus Speciation in Pilot Scale Subsurface Flow Wetlands Constructed with Blast Furnace Slag and Gravel

Variations in Phosphorus Speciation in Pilot Scale Subsurface Flow Wetlands Constructed with Blast Furnace Slag and Gravel

The inositol phosphates in soils and manures: Abundance, cycling, and measurement

Classes of dissolved and particulate phosphorus compounds and their spatial distributions in the water of a eutrophic lake: a 31P NMR study

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