A Putative ABC Transporter Confers Durable Resistance to Multiple Fungal Pathogens in Wheat

Krattinger, Simon G.; Lagudah, Evans; Spielmeyer, Wolfgang; Singh, Ravi P.; Espino, Julio Huerta; McFadden, Helen G.; Bossolini, Eligio; Selter, Liselotte L.; Keller, Beat

doi:10.1126/science.1166453

Cited by 1,168 publications

(963 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Thus, the newly developed gene-specific markers for Lr34 confirmed the nucleotide sequence variants, as detected by direct sequencing of the Lr34 alleles (Krattinger et al 2009). …”

Section: Validation Of Markers Using Reference Genotypesmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…The sequences of the Lr34 genes from resistant (+Lr34) and susceptible alleles (-Lr34) had been found to be mostly identical, with only three polymorphic nucleotide positions in the total gene length of 11,805 bp (Krattinger et al 2009). This left very few opportunities for the development of diagnostic markers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Earlier findings reported the presence of only two distinct Lr34 alleles, one conferring resistance in +Lr34 cultivars, and a second allele found in -Lr34 varieties (Krattinger et al 2009). However, when testing the diagnostic potential of the SNP located in intron 4, we found a new, third allele.…”

Section: Detection Of a Third Lr34 Haplotypementioning

confidence: 90%

“…The Lr34 gene has recently been isolated and its complete nucleotide sequence is known (Krattinger et al 2009). Comparative analysis of resistant and susceptible alleles of diverse wheat genotypes identified two haplotypes ( …”

Section: Haplotypes Of +/-Lr34 Provide the Molecular Basis For Diagnomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Lr34 gene has recently been isolated and predicted to encode a pleiotropic drug resistance (PDR)-like ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter (Krattinger et al 2009). The same gene controlled resistance based on Lr34, Yr18, Pm38 as well as leaf tip necrosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gene-specific markers for the wheat gene Lr34/Yr18/Pm38 which confers resistance to multiple fungal pathogens

et al. 2009

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The locus Lr34/Yr18/Pm38 confers partial and durable resistance against the devastating fungal pathogens leaf rust, stripe rust, and powdery mildew. In previous studies, this broad-spectrum resistance was shown to be controlled by a single gene which encodes a putative ATP-binding cassette transporter. Alleles of resistant and susceptible cultivars differed by only three sequence polymorphisms and the same resistance haplotype was found in the three independent breeding lineages of Lr34/Yr18/Pm38. Hence, we used these conserved sequence polymorphisms as templates to develop diagnostic molecular markers that will assist selection for durable multi-pathogen resistance in breeding programs. Five allele-specific markers (cssfr1-cssfr5) were developed based on a 3 bp deletion in exon 11 of the Lr34-gene, and one marker (cssfr6) was derived from a single nucleotide polymorphism in exon 12. Validation of reference genotypes, well characterized for the presence or absence of the Lr34/Yr18/Pm38 resistance locus, demonstrated perfect diagnostic values for the newly developed markers. By testing the new markers on a larger set of wheat cultivars, a third Lr34 haplotype, not described so far, was discovered in some European winter wheat and spelt material. Some cultivars with uncertain Lr34 status were re-assessed using the newly derived markers. Unambiguous identification of the Lr34 gene aided by the new markers has revealed that some wheat cultivars incorrectly postulated as having Lr34 may possess as yet uncharacterised loci for adult plant leaf and stripe rust resistance. AbstractThe locus Lr34/Yr18/Pm38 confers partial and durable resistance against the devastating fungal pathogens leaf rust, stripe rust, and powdery mildew. In previous studies, this broad-spectrum resistance was shown to be controlled by a single gene which encodes a putative ATP-binding cassette transporter. Alleles of resistant and susceptible cultivars differed by only three sequence polymorphisms and the same resistance haplotype was found in the three independent breeding lineages of Lr34/Yr18/Pm38. Hence, we used these conserved sequence polymorphisms as templates to develop diagnostic molecular markers that will assist selection for durable multi-pathogen resistance in breeding programs. Five allele-specific markers (cssfr1 -cssfr5) were developed based on a 3 bp deletion in exon 11 of the Lr34-gene, and one marker (cssfr6) was derived from a SNP in exon 12. Validation of reference genotypes, well characterized for the presence or absence of the Lr34/Yr18/Pm38 resistance locus, demonstrated perfect diagnostic values for the newly developed markers. By testing the new markers on a larger set of wheat cultivars, a third Lr34 haplotype, not described so far, was discovered in some European winter wheat and spelt material. Some cultivars with uncertain Lr34 status were re-assessed using the newly derived markers. Unambiguous identification of the Lr34 gene aided by the new markers has revealed that some wheat cultivars incorrectly postula...

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“…Thus, the newly developed gene-specific markers for Lr34 confirmed the nucleotide sequence variants, as detected by direct sequencing of the Lr34 alleles (Krattinger et al 2009). …”

Section: Validation Of Markers Using Reference Genotypesmentioning

confidence: 63%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Detection Of a Third Lr34 Haplotypementioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Haplotypes Of +/-Lr34 Provide the Molecular Basis For Diagnomentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Gene-specific markers for the wheat gene Lr34/Yr18/Pm38 which confers resistance to multiple fungal pathogens

et al. 2009

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Plant Defences against Fungal Attack: Biochemistry

Funnell

Schardl

Bednarek

2010

Encyclopedia of Life Sciences

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A wide variety of biochemical constituents, including small molecules, peptides and sugar polymers, contribute to the interactions between plant and fungal or oomycete pathogens. Molecules of microbe or plant origin are critical for the pathogen recognition and further triggering of plant defence responses. Moreover, defence molecules of a broad range of biological activity are produced by plants either before fungal attack (preformed) or in response to infection (induced). During the course of their host adaptation, fungal pathogens developed sophisticated molecular tools to overcome plant biochemical weapons. These tools include enzymes able to metabolise plant bioactive molecules as well as own toxins interfering with plant defence reactions. Contribution of various biochemical components to different stages of plant–pathogen interactions has been supported by genetic tools available for model organisms. Key Concepts: Small molecules, peptides and biopolymers are critical players in plant–fungus interactions. Recognition in plant–microbe interactions is mediated by biochemical motifs associated with a wide range of pathogens. Cell wall polymers constitute a physical barrier protecting protoplast from attacking fungi. Secretion of small molecules at the sites of attempted fungal penetration is critical for pre‐invasive defence. Particular constitutive and inducible secondary metabolites can terminate fungal development. Detoxification of plant antibiotics contributes to fungal virulence.

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