ÂPYRIAMâ: A NEW PEAR ROOTSTOCK

Simard, M.H.; Michelesi, Jean-Claude

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2002.596.54

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Twenty-one clones were established in vitro between 2012 and 2014 from field plots of the pear rootstocks breeding program, oriented to select the most tolerant to iron chlorosis after being grafted with the commercial variety 'Conference' and in comparison with Cydonia oblonga 'BA29' [2,23]. Twenty of these clones were derived from interspecific crosses between OH11, also named 'Pyriam' [24], and four Pyrus species, namely P. amygdaliformis (Pa), P. amygdaliformis spp persica (Pap), P. communis spp cordata (Pcc), and P. elaeagrifolia (Pe). These Pyrus parents were selected for their higher field tolerance to iron-chlorosis, drought, hot summers and sandy soil than P. communis [22].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rhizosphere Acidification as the Main Trait Characterizing the Differential In Vitro Tolerance to Iron Chlorosis in Interspecific Pyrus Hybrids

et al. 2022

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Physiological responses of different interspecific Pyrus hybrids and an open pollinated Pyrus communis ‘Williams’ (Pcw) grown under in vitro culture conditions simulating lime induced chlorosis were studied. The hybrids were derived from crosses between the ‘Pyriam’ pear rootstock and four Pyrus species of the Mediterranean region, namely P. amygdaliformis Vill. (Pa), P. amygdaliformis persica Bornme. (Pap), P. communis cordata (Desv.) Hook. (Pcc), and P. elaeagrifolia Pall (Pe), all known for their higher field tolerance to iron-chlorosis than P. communis. Twenty hybrids and one open pollinated Pcw were micropropagated, and plantlets were in vitro characterized for their physiological responses to iron-deficiency conditions. Rooted plantlets were transferred to a culture medium with 2 µM Fe3+ DTPA and 10 or 20 mM NaHCO3. These physiological responses were scored at 1, 3, 7, and 28 days from the start of the in vitro assay. Leaf total chlorophyll content, the capacity of roots to acidify the medium, reduced iron, and exudates of phenolic acids and organic acids were analyzed in each media and time sample. Leaf chlorophyll levels for the clones derived from Pcc were the highest, especially under the highest bicarbonate concentration, followed by those derived from Pap and Pa. The higher chlorophyll content of Pcc clones were related with their higher capacity to acidify the media but not with their iron reduction capacity at the root level. On the other hand, hybrid clones derived from Pe showed a higher Fe3+ reduction ability than clones from all the other species during the whole assay but only when the bicarbonate concentration was lower. The exudation of phenolic acids by the roots was higher in Pcw than in the other species, and this response might explain why the total chlorophyll levels in Pcw clones are similar to those of Pe and Pa ones. These results with Pyrus spp. bring more evidence in support of the idea that iron reduction capacity at the root level is not directly related with a higher tolerance to iron deficiency caused by the high pH of calcareous soils. Instead, the ability to acidify the rhizosphere is the trait of choice for the selection of the pear hybrid clones better adapted to lime induced chlorosis. In addition, the in vitro assay to select the Pyrus clones for tolerance to iron chlorosis could be shortened to one week of culture in 10 mM NaHCO3, measuring the leaf chlorophyll level, acidification of the culture medium, and exudation of phenolic acids as the physiological responses to predict tolerance to lime-induced chlorosis.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rhizosphere Acidification as the Main Trait Characterizing the Differential In Vitro Tolerance to Iron Chlorosis in Interspecific Pyrus Hybrids

et al. 2022

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“…Relatively low values of affi nity were exhibited by the 'Pyriam' rootstock. The reason for these low fi gures is not obvious as both Simard (2002) and Iglesias (2011a) report high affi nity for 'Pyriam' (OH11). These results rather imply some technical problem.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rootstock was cross-bred in France (P. nivalis x P. heterofolia). It can be characterised as tolerant of or resistant to fi re blight (Erwinia amylovora (Burrill) Winslow et al), shows good affi nity and does not branch in the nursery (Simard, et al, 2002). 'OHxF 333' (Brokmal) -(supplied by VŠÚO Holovousy s.r.o.).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of selected nursery traits in combination rootstocks and variety in Asian pear trees

Nečas

Lébl

2013

Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun.

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Evaluation of the nursery traits of rootstocks and varieties is an important tool for optimisation of the fruit orchard plants final growing. The present experiment evaluated the standard and progressive rootstocks for the pear trees in combination with the Asian varieties of P. pyrifolia Nakai. a P. ussuriensis Maxim. in comparison with the control variety ‘Conference’ P. communis L. The evaluation was focused on such properties as affinity, growth of the tree propagated by budding, thickness of the root crown at the rootstock and the root suckering. Their interactions were tested statistically. The highest values of affinity within the nursery were achieved with the following rootstocks: ‘BET’ (96.6%), ‘FOX 11’ (95.5 %), and ‘MA’ (94.4 %). ‘Hosui’ was identified as the variety with the greatest growing capacity, with an average gain of 1238.2 mm. The most supported variety growth was exhibited by the ‘FOX 11’ rootstock, with an average gain of the trees propagated by budding of 1388.8 mm. The growth intensity itself was demonstrated most in the thickness of the root crown of the ‘BET’ (P. betulifolia) rootstock, namely 15.8 mm. The rootstock that exhibited the strongest root suckering was also ‘BET’ with 6.2 suckers per rootstock. The identified differences between the varieties and rootstocks were confirmed as statistically significant or even highly statistically significant.

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“…A second search of PO and FS was carried out by refining the inference criteria (in this case using k and IBD0 values for 95% of the newly confirmed relationships), and were again confirmed by Mendelian test (<1.5% error rate). New PO and FS relationships were compared with the literature ( Hedrick et al 1921 ; Jacob 1998 ; Mielke and Smith 2002 ; Simard and Michelesi 2002 ; Pasqualini et al 2006 ; Sawamura et al 2008 ; Bassil and Postman 2010 ; Postman et al 2013 ; Bell et al 2014 ; Morgan 2015 ) and the information stored at the NCGR website ( https://www.ars.usda.gov/ARSUserFiles/20721500/catalogs/pyrcult.html ) regarding year and country of origin and believed parentage, when available. Pedigree networks were designed with the R package network v1.13 ( Butts 2008 ) and with the software Helium ( Shaw et al 2014 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconstruction of the Largest Pedigree Network for Pear Cultivars and Evaluation of the Genetic Diversity of the USDA-ARS NationalPyrusCollection

Montanari

Postman

Bassil

et al. 2020

G3 Genes|Genomes|Genetics

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The USDA-ARS National Clonal Germplasm Repository (NCGR) in Corvallis, Oregon, maintains one of the world's largest and most diverse living Pyrus collection. A thorough genetic characterization of this germplasm will provide relevant information to optimize the conservation strategy of pear biodiversity, support the use of this germplasm in breeding, and increase our knowledge of Pyrus taxonomy, evolution, and domestication. In the last two decades simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers have been used at the NCGR for cultivar identification and small population structure analysis. However, the recent development of the Applied Biosystems™ Axiom™ Pear 70K Genotyping Array has allowed high-density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based genotyping of almost the entire collection. In this study, we have analysed this rich dataset to discover new synonyms and mutants, identify putative labelling errors in the collection, reconstruct the largest pear cultivar pedigree and further elucidate the genetic diversity of Pyrus.

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ÂPYRIAMâ: A NEW PEAR ROOTSTOCK

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Rhizosphere Acidification as the Main Trait Characterizing the Differential In Vitro Tolerance to Iron Chlorosis in Interspecific Pyrus Hybrids

Rhizosphere Acidification as the Main Trait Characterizing the Differential In Vitro Tolerance to Iron Chlorosis in Interspecific Pyrus Hybrids

Evaluation of selected nursery traits in combination rootstocks and variety in Asian pear trees

Reconstruction of the Largest Pedigree Network for Pear Cultivars and Evaluation of the Genetic Diversity of the USDA-ARS NationalPyrusCollection

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ÂPYRIAMâ: A NEW PEAR ROOTSTOCK

Cited by 12 publications

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Rhizosphere Acidification as the Main Trait Characterizing the Differential In Vitro Tolerance to Iron Chlorosis in Interspecific Pyrus Hybrids

Rhizosphere Acidification as the Main Trait Characterizing the Differential In Vitro Tolerance to Iron Chlorosis in Interspecific Pyrus Hybrids

Evaluation of selected nursery traits in combination rootstocks and variety in Asian pear trees

Reconstruction of the Largest Pedigree Network for Pear Cultivars and Evaluation of the Genetic Diversity of the USDA-ARS NationalPyrusCollection

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ÂPYRIAMâ: A NEW PEAR ROOTSTOCK