A quantitative analysis of the food intake of North Sea cod, Gadus Morhua

Daan, N.

doi:10.1016/0077-7579(73)90002-1

Cited by 208 publications

(163 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The digestive tracts of the larvae were opened lengthwise with a needle, and the items in the gut of each larva were counted (Arthur, 1976). The stage of digestion of the prey was high (ranking based on Daan, 1973 andScrimgeour &Winterbourn, 1987).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Larviculture of two neotropical species with different distributions in the water column in light- and dark-colored tanks

et al. 2012

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The influence of tank color on the visual perception of fish larvae and the success of their cultivation depends on the characteristics of each species combined with environmental factors. In this study, we determined the effect of light and dark tank colors on the larviculture of pacamã (Lophiosilurus alexandri), a species with a benthonic habit, and curimatá-pioa (Prochilodus costatus), which swims actively in the water column. Larvae of pacamã and curimatá-pioa were cultivated for 10 days in 5-L tanks, at a density of 15 larvae L -1 and luminosity of 141.7 ± 8.95 lux, and fed Artemia nauplii. Four tank colors were used: green, light blue, brown, and black (with four replications). Survival, biomass and Fulton's condition factor for pacamã larvae were similar in the different colored tanks. However, the larvae in the green tanks showed lower weight than those cultivated in black and brown tanks, as well as shorter total length than that of larvae in the brown-colored tanks. These results are probably due to the association between tank color and benthonic habitat of the pacamã. For the curimatá-pioa, survival and biomass were similar for the different colors. The weight and Fulton's condition factor were higher for the larvae cultivated in green and blue tanks. This result could be associated with the adaptation of curimatá-pioa larvae to active swimming in the water column, searching for prey.A interferência da cor do tanque na percepção visual da larva de peixe e no sucesso do seu cultivo depende da caraterística de cada espécie combinada com fatores ambientais. Neste estudo foi investigado o efeito de tanques de cores claras e escuras na larvicultura do pacamã Lophiosilurus alexandri, espécie de hábito bentônico, e, curimatá-pioa Prochilodus costatus, que nada ativamente na coluna da água. Larvas de pacamã e de curimatá-pioa foram cultivadas por 10 dias, em tanques contendo 5 L de água, a uma densidade de 15 larvas L -1 , luminosidade de 141.7 ± 8.95 lux, alimentados com náuplios de Artemia. Quatro cores de tanques foram usadas: verde e azul claras, marrom e preta (com quatro repetições). Para as larvas de pacamã, a sobrevivência, biomassa e o fator de condição de Fulton foram similares entre os tanques de diferentes cores. Entretanto, as larvas nos tanques verdes apresentara um peso menor do que as cultivadas nos tanques de cor preta e marrom, assim como um menor comprimento total, que as larvas cultivadas em tanque marrom. Estes resultados provavelmente têm origem da associação da cor do tanque com o hábito bentônico do pacamã. Para o curimatá-pioa, a sobrevivência e a biomassa foram similares entre as cores. O peso e o fator de condição de Fulton foram maiores para as larvas cultivadas nos tanques de cor verde e azul, seguidas pelo marrom e preto. Este resultado pode estar associado a adaptação das larvas de curimatá-pioa a natação ativa na coluna da água à procura de presa.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Larviculture of two neotropical species with different distributions in the water column in light- and dark-colored tanks

et al. 2012

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“…A daily ration (% weight) versus weight relationship specific to haddock was not available; instead, we used data for Atlantic cod (40), a species in the same family as haddock that reaches comparable sizes. The relationship between daily ration (DR %W,W ) as a percentage of body weight (kg) and weight (W) is represented by the following equation:…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of egg predation by haddock in the decline of an Atlantic herring population

Richardson

Hare

Fogarty

et al. 2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Theoretical studies suggest that the abrupt and substantial changes in the productivity of some fisheries species may be explained by predation-driven alternate stable states in their population levels. With this hypothesis, an increase in fishing or a natural perturbation can drive a population from an upper to a lower stable-equilibrium population level. After fishing is reduced or the perturbation ended, this low population level can persist due to the regulatory effect of the predator. Although established in theoretical studies, there is limited empirical support for predation-driven alternate stable states in exploited marine fish populations. We present evidence that egg predation by haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) can cause alternate stable population levels in Georges Bank Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus). Egg predation by haddock explains a substantial decoupling of herring spawning stock biomass (an index of egg production) from observed larval herring abundance (an index of egg hatching). Estimated egg survival rates ranged from <2-70% from 1971 to 2005. A population model incorporating egg predation and herring fishing explains the major population trends of Georges Bank herring over four decades and predicts that, when the haddock population is high, seemingly conservative levels of fishing can still precipitate a severe decline in the herring population. These findings illustrate how efforts to rebuild fisheries can be undermined by not incorporating ecological interactions into fisheries models and management plans.depensation | predator pit | population dynamics | fish recruitment C lassic single-species fishery models, which assume that changes in population abundance are largely a function of fishing mortality and density-dependent population responses, cannot account for the rapid and persistent shifts in abundance observed in some marine fish populations (1, 2). This lack of agreement between model predictions and observed trends may be explained by the inability of single-species models to resolve alternate stable states in population levels caused by species interactions (1, 3). In the simplest form, a population with alternate stable states has three equilibrium levels: an upper and lower stable equilibrium and an intermediate unstable equilibrium, above which population growth is positive and below which it is negative. This contrasts with the single upper stable equilibrium, or carrying capacity, of classic population models, including most single-species fisheries models. One mechanism that can generate alternate stable states in a population is consumption by a predator that becomes satiated at high prey abundances (1,(4)(5)(6). With this mechanism, per capita mortality from predation increases as the prey population declines. Below the unstable equilibrium, predation mortality is sufficient to cause negative population growth. At very low population abundances, prey switching by the predator or the existence of a predation refuge results in the lower stable equilibrium; this low...

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“…As part of an entirely separate study of fish disease in UK waters, scientists at CEFAS Weymouth carry out annual sampling of another flatfish, the dab (Limanda limanda), a species that is widely dispersed in the North East Atlantic and, incidentally, a favourite prey item of large cod in the North Sea (Daan, 1973). The samples come from twenty-six stations in the Irish Sea, North Sea and English…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for estrogenic endocrine disruption in an offshore flatfish, the dab (Limanda limanda L.)

Scott

Sanders

Stentiford

et al. 2007

Marine Environmental Research

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A quantitative analysis of the food intake of North Sea cod, Gadus Morhua

Cited by 208 publications

References 4 publications

Larviculture of two neotropical species with different distributions in the water column in light- and dark-colored tanks

Larviculture of two neotropical species with different distributions in the water column in light- and dark-colored tanks

Role of egg predation by haddock in the decline of an Atlantic herring population

Evidence for estrogenic endocrine disruption in an offshore flatfish, the dab (Limanda limanda L.)

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