A Rainbow Structural‐Color Chip for Multisaccharide Recognition

Abstract

Acritical requirement for the successful recognition of multiple analytes is the acquisition of abundant sensing information. However,for this to be achieved requires massive chemical sensors or multiplex materials,whichcomplicates the multianalysis.Thus,there is aneed to develop astrategy for the facile and efficient recognition of multiple analytes.Herein, we explore the angle-dependent structural colors of photonic crystals to provide abundant optical information, thereby generating ar ainbow-color chip to realize the convenient recognition of multiple analytes.Bysimply using amultiangle analysis method, the monophotonic crystal matrix chip can differentially enhance fluorescence signals over broad spectral ranges,t herebyr esulting in abundant sensing information for highly efficient multiple analysis.T welve saccharides with similar structures,a sw ell as saccharides in different concentrations and mixtures,were successfully discriminated.The recognition of multiple analytes has drawn increased attention in the areas of clinical diagnosis, [1] biological screening, [2] thef ood industry, [3] vapor monitoring, [4] etc. A critical requirement for successful multiple recognition is the acquisition of abundant sensing information. In general, large numbers of sensing molecules or indicators have to be employed to attain sufficient sensing information, but this always involves complicated synthesis or massive screening programs.[5] Selective signal enhancement by physical methods could provide an opportunity for increased sensing information to achieve facile and efficient recognition of multiple analytes,w ithout the need for large numbers of chemical compounds.P hotonic crystals (PCs) have been widely employed to facilitate the area of detection, mainly through structural colors, [6] reflectance, [7] and fluorescence enhancement [8] induced by the unique photonic stop bands, which endow the platform with the desired abundant optical information. Although aP Cc hip with multiple stop bands could achieve successful multianalysis with asimple dye, [9] the fabrication and integration of multiplex PC materials matrix still remains ac omplex process. As ac lass of periodic structured materials,P Cs can control the propagation of light, which is characterized by an angle dependence.[10] APCmatrix with along-range-ordered structure can exhibit structural colors in consecutive spectra, reminiscent of ar ainbow seen in nature.A ss hown in Figure 1a,aPC matrix film assembled from poly(styrene/ methyl methacrylate/acrylic acid) [poly(St-MMA-AA)] latex particles with diameter of 270 nm exhibits as trong red color when illuminated with white light at normal incidence.When the film is rotated, which causes as imultaneous increase in the incident angle and reflection angle from 08 8 to 808 8,t he color changes from red to orange and finally to bluish violet. Thus,w ith various detection angles (referred to as the reflection angles,w hich are equal to the incident angles), as ingle PC matrix can serve as ap latform to...

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