A Randomized Comparison of Sentinel-Node Biopsy with Routine Axillary Dissection in Breast Cancer

Veronesi, Umberto; Paganelli, Giovanni; Viale, Giuseppe; Luini, Alberto; Zurrida, Stefano; Galimberti, Viviana; Intra, Mattia; Veronesi, Paolo; Robertson, Chris; Maisonneuve, Patrick; Renne, Giuseppe; Cicco, Concetta De; Lucia, Francesca De; Gennari, R

doi:10.1056/nejmoa012782

Cited by 2,004 publications

(1,209 citation statements)

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“…SLN biopsy was followed by axillary dissection only if the SLN contained metastasis or where there was minimal node involvement. The SLN was identified and isolated using a gamma probe as a guide, as previously published [14]. Postoperative breast irradiation (RT) was proposed to all patients who received breast-conserving surgery, excluding only those few elderly patients for whom radiation was considered inappropriate [15].…”

Section: Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast with the “triple-negative” phenotype: prognostic implications of EGFR immunoreactivity

Viale

Rotmensz

Maisonneuve

et al. 2008

Breast Cancer Res Treat

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174

123

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Section: Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast with the “triple-negative” phenotype: prognostic implications of EGFR immunoreactivity

Viale

Rotmensz

Maisonneuve

et al. 2008

Breast Cancer Res Treat

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174

123

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“…Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy is the current standard of care for staging the clinically negative axilla in breast cancer patients, with axillary lymph node dissection reserved for patients with clinical axillary metastases or metastases found on SLN biopsy 2, 3. An SLN is the first node draining the primary tumor in the regional lymphatic basin.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitation of the Regional Lymph Node Metastatic Burden and Prognosis in Malignant Mammary Tumors of Dogs

Araújo

Campos

Ferreira

et al. 2015

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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BackgroundAs in women, regional lymph node status impacts survival in dogs with malignant mammary tumors. However, few studies have evaluated regional lymph node metastases in dogs with malignant mammary gland tumors.ObjectivesTo estimate overall survival based on the assessments of the lymph node status and the morphologic and morphometric features in female dogs with malignant mammary gland tumors.Materials and MethodsIn total, 178 lymph nodes from 97 female dogs were assessed and reviewed, and after confirmation by immunohistochemistry (IHC), 161 lymph nodes were selected for analysis of metastases. Animals were considered metastasis‐free (negative lymph nodes) only after IHC analysis for cytokeratin AE1/AE3. The number of positive lymph nodes, the number of metastatic foci, the maximum diameter and the area of metastasis were analyzed, and estimates of overall survival were made.ResultsDogs with metastasis had lower mean survival than those with metastasis‐free regional lymph nodes, showing a direct relationship between the number of affected lymph nodes and shorter survival. However, histologic analysis of the lymph nodes identified lower survival rates in animals with macrometastases and isolated tumor cells, areas of metastasis >20.11 mm², and metastatic diameters >7.32 mm.ConclusionThe identification of ≥1 lymph nodes positive for metastasis and morphometric characterization of lymphatic metastases indicate the prognostic relevance of lymph nodes status in dogs with mammary tumors.

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“…More recently, sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) has been proposed as an alternative method for staging the axilla in women who have early breast cancer with clinically node negative axillae (Giuliano et al, 1994;Veronesi et al, 1997;McIntosh and Purushotham, 1998;Veronesi et al, 1999;Veronesi et al, 2003). The SLN is the first lymph node to receive lymphatic drainage from a tumour.…”

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confidence: 99%

The value of immunohistochemistry in sentinel lymph node histopathology in breast cancer

et al. 2005

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The optimal protocol for the histopathological examination of sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) in breast cancer has not been determined. The value of more detailed examination using immunohistochemistry (IHC) is controversial. A total of 476 SLNs from 216 patients were reviewed. Sentinel lymph nodes were sectioned at three levels at 100 mm intervals and stained with haematoxylin and eosin (H&E). If the H&E sections showed no evidence of metastasis, then the three serial sections were stained with a murine monoclonal anti-cytokeratin antibody (CAM 5.2). Metastatic deposits were classified as macrometastasis (42.0 mm), micrometastasis (0.2 -2.0 mm) or isolated tumour cells (ITC, o0.2 mm). Of the 216 patients, 56 (26%) had metastasis as identified by H&E. Immunohistochemistry detected metastatic deposits in a further nine patients (4%), of whom four (2%) had micrometastasis and five (2%) had ITC only. Those cases with micrometastases were all, on review, visible on the H&E sections. Immunohistochemistry detects only a small proportion of metastasis in SLNs. All metastatic deposits identified by IHC were either micrometastasis or ITC. Until the prognostic significance of these deposits has been determined, IHC may be of limited value in the histopathological examination of SLNs.

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A Randomized Comparison of Sentinel-Node Biopsy with Routine Axillary Dissection in Breast Cancer

Abstract: Sentinel-node biopsy is a safe and accurate method of screening the axillary nodes for metastasis in women with a small breast cancer.

Cited by 2,004 publications

References 14 publications

Invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast with the “triple-negative” phenotype: prognostic implications of EGFR immunoreactivity

Invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast with the “triple-negative” phenotype: prognostic implications of EGFR immunoreactivity

Quantitation of the Regional Lymph Node Metastatic Burden and Prognosis in Malignant Mammary Tumors of Dogs

The value of immunohistochemistry in sentinel lymph node histopathology in breast cancer

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