A randomized controlled study of the efficacy of six-month supplementation with concentrated fish oil rich in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in first episode schizophrenia

Pawełczyk, Tomasz; Grancow-Grabka, Marta; Kotlicka-Antczak, Magdalena; Trafalska, Elżbieta; Pawełczyk, Agnieszka

doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2015.11.013

Cited by 97 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Peet et al [17] and Emsley et al [18] designed trials with omega-3 HUFAs as a monotherapy, but in both cases, almost all patients needed to be treated also with an antipsychotic drug during the course of the trial. Only six RCTs [15,17,19,20,21,22] reported that HUFAs had a benefit on positive or negative symptoms. The sample size of all of the reviewed studies was small, and the population investigated suffered from a considerable degree of heterogeneity.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sample size of all of the reviewed studies was small, and the population investigated suffered from a considerable degree of heterogeneity. In fact, not only patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia were included, but also subjects with schizoaffective disorder [23], first episode of psychosis [21,24] and resistant schizophrenia [19]. The omega-3 supplementation has been administered in a dosage ranging from 1–4 g/day.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another recent RCT was designed by Pawelczyk et al [21] to compare the efficacy of 2.2 g/day of HUFAs or olive oil placebo added on to an antipsychotic medication with regard to symptom severity in patients suffering from first-episode schizophrenia. An improvement in psychopathology and the level of functioning was observed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Supplementation with Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Psychiatric Disorders: A Review of Literature Data

Bozzatello

Brignolo

Borghi

et al. 2016

JCM

147

109

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A new application for omega-3 fatty acids has recently emerged, concerning the treatment of several mental disorders. This indication is supported by data of neurobiological research, as highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFAs) are highly concentrated in neural phospholipids and are important components of the neuronal cell membrane. They modulate the mechanisms of brain cell signaling, including the dopaminergic and serotonergic pathways. The aim of this review is to provide a complete and updated account of the empirical evidence of the efficacy and safety that are currently available for omega-3 fatty acids in the treatment of psychiatric disorders. The main evidence for the effectiveness of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) has been obtained in mood disorders, in particular in the treatment of depressive symptoms in unipolar and bipolar depression. There is some evidence to support the use of omega-3 fatty acids in the treatment of conditions characterized by a high level of impulsivity and aggression and borderline personality disorders. In patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, small-to-modest effects of omega-3 HUFAs have been found. The most promising results have been reported by studies using high doses of EPA or the association of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids. In schizophrenia, current data are not conclusive and do not allow us either to refuse or support the indication of omega-3 fatty acids. For the remaining psychiatric disturbances, including autism spectrum disorders, anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, eating disorders and substance use disorder, the data are too scarce to draw any conclusion. Concerning tolerability, several studies concluded that omega-3 can be considered safe and well tolerated at doses up to 5 g/day.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Supplementation with Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Psychiatric Disorders: A Review of Literature Data

Bozzatello

Brignolo

Borghi

et al. 2016

JCM

147

109

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Hence, recently various types of interventions targeting inflammation and oxidative stress in particular have been used. Some examples applied in schizophrenia include the add-on treatment of omega 3 fatty acids [2], the add-on treatment of N -acetyl cysteine (NAC) [3], folate plus vitamin B12 [4], and mindfulness-based interventions (MBI) [5]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Efficacy of Non-Pharmacological Interventions on Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Sanada

Zorrilla

Iwata

et al. 2016

IJMS

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Several studies have investigated the relationship between non-pharmacological interventions (NPIs) and peripheral brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in schizophrenia patients. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to review the efficacy of NPIs on peripheral serum and plasma BDNF in subjects with schizophrenia (including schizoaffective disorder). Meta-analyses were conducted to examine the effects of NPIs on blood BDNF levels by using the standardized mean differences (SMDs) between the intervention groups and controls. In total, six randomized controlled trials with 289 participants were included. Of them, five studies used exercise, physical training or diet products. One study used cognitive training. Overall, the BDNF levels in the NPI group increased significantly compared with the control groups (SMD = 0.95, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.07 to 1.83, p = 0.03). Subgroup analyses indicated beneficial effects of a non-exercise intervention on peripheral BDNF levels (SMD = 0.41, 95% CI = 0.08 to 0.74, p = 0.01). Meta-regression analyses showed that the completion rate influenced the variation in SMD (p = 0.01). Despite insufficient evidence to draw a conclusion, our results suggest that use of NPIs as adjunctive treatments, specifically non-exercise interventions, may affect positively serum or plasma BDNF in patients with schizophrenia.

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“…Metabolic diseases, such as diabetes, obesity or metabolic syndrome, as well as several other diseases such as hypertension, coronary heart disease, alcoholism, schizophrenia, depression, Alzheimer's disease, atherosclerosis and cancer, are characterized by disturbances in fatty acid metabolism. The progression of these diseases could be, at least partially, influenced by fatty acid supplementation (Mocellin et al., ; Mašek et al., ; Ito, ; Wani et al., ; Endo and Arita, ; Pawełczyk et al., ). Consequently, fatty acid metabolism is being extensively investigated due to its significant clinical implications (Yashodhara et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of sex and gonadectomy on hepatic and brain fatty acid composition, lipogenesis and β‐oxidation

Starčević

Filipović

Šperanda

et al. 2016

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of sex and castration of rats on liver and brain fatty acid profile and liver mRNA expression of genes involved in lipogenesis and β-oxidation. Castration significantly increased body weight and liver index and decreased serum triglyceride content in the female rats. The fatty acid composition of the liver tissue was influenced by sex and castration. Male rats had higher content of C16:0, C18:1n7, C18:2n6 and C22:5n3, while female rats had higher content of C18:0, C20:4n6 and C22:6n3. Castration of male rats decreased differences caused by sex for C18:2n6, C20:4n6 and C22:6n3. Values for C16:1n7 were higher in the castrated male rats in comparison with all other groups. Liver phospholipids showed a distribution of fatty acids similar to the total lipids. Brain total lipids and phospholipids were not influenced by sex or castration. Castration increased ∆6D gene expression in both the sexes, while ∆5D and ∆9D increased in females and males respectively. Gonadectomy increased expression of the FASN gene in the females and decreased CPT1 and ACOX1 gene expression in the liver tissue of male rats. The observed results of lipid peroxidation, measured by TBARS, were the lowest in the intact females in comparison with all other groups. In conclusion, sex strongly influences both SFA and PUFA in liver tissue, and castration decreases these differences only for PUFA. Castration also influences the expression of the genes involved in lipid metabolism differently in male and female rats, with an increase in lipogenic genes in female rats and a decrease in key genes for mitochondrial and peroxisomal β-oxidation in male rats.

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A randomized controlled study of the efficacy of six-month supplementation with concentrated fish oil rich in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in first episode schizophrenia

Cited by 97 publications

References 58 publications

Supplementation with Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Psychiatric Disorders: A Review of Literature Data

Supplementation with Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Psychiatric Disorders: A Review of Literature Data

The Efficacy of Non-Pharmacological Interventions on Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

The influence of sex and gonadectomy on hepatic and brain fatty acid composition, lipogenesis and β‐oxidation

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