A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled clinical trial, evaluating the garlic supplement effects on some serum biomarkers of oxidative stress, and quality of life in women with rheumatoid arthritis

Abstract

Aim Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), is a prevalent immune‐inflammatory disease, which is associated with disabling pain. Oxidative stress might play a role in RA pathogenesis and outcomes. According to the antioxidant properties of garlic, the current study was performed to evaluate the garlic supplement effects on some serum levels of oxidative stress biomarkers, and quality of life in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Methods Seventy women with RA participated in this randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, parallel‐design trial. The patients were randomly divided into two groups, receiving two tablets of either 500 mg garlic or placebo daily for 8 weeks. Serum levels of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) and quality of life were determined at baseline and end of week 8. A health assessment questionnaire (HAQ) was used to evaluate the quality of life related to health. Results Of 70 patients enrolled in the trial, 62 subjects were included in the final analysis. At the end of the study, there was a significant increase in serum levels of TAC in the garlic group as compared with the placebo group (26.58 ± 77.30 nmol of Trolox equivalent/ml vs 16.11 ± 0.92 nmol of Trolox equivalent/mL; P = .026). In addition, MDA levels were significantly decreased in the intervention group compared with the control group (−0.82 ± 1.99 nmol/mL vs 0.36 ± 2.57 nmol/mL; P = .032). Pain after activity and HAQ scores decreased in the garlic group compared with the placebo (−11.96 ± 13.43 mm vs −0.06 ± 13.41 mm; P < .001, 0.17 ± 20 vs 0.05 ± 0.15; P < .001, respectively). Conclusions The findings suggest that garlic supplementation for 8 weeks resulted in significant improvements in oxidative stress, HAQ in women with RA.

Effects of garlic supplementation on oxidative stress and antioxidative capacity biomarkers: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials

“…Publication dates ranged from 2011 to 2020. Five studies were conducted in Iran (Ahmadian et al, 2017;Jahangard et al, 2013;Khoobkhahi et al, 2019;Moosavian, Paknahad, & Habibagahi, 2020;Sangouni et al, 2020) and two in China (Liu et al, 2018;Su et al, 2008) (Seo et al, 2012). Overall, 611 participants were included in the present review (307 in the intervention and 304 in the control group).…”

“…Overall, 611 participants were included in the present review (307 in the intervention and 304 in the control group). Six studies included both genders (Atkin et al, 2016;Liu et al, 2018;Moosavian, Paknahad, & Habibagahi, 2020;Sangouni et al, 2020;Su et al, 2008;Szuli nska et al, 2018), three other studies recruited only men (Jahangard et al, 2013;Mirunalini et al, 2011;Zhang et al, 2001), and two studies focused on women (Ahmadian et al, 2017;Seo et al, 2012). Age of participants ranged between 14 and 75 years.…”

“…Age of participants ranged between 14 and 75 years. Eleven studies had parallel designs (Ahmadian et al, 2017;Jahangard et al, 2013;Khoobkhahi et al, 2019;Liu et al, 2018;Mirunalini et al, 2011;Moosavian, Paknahad, & Habibagahi, 2020;Sangouni et al, 2020;Seo et al, 2012;Su et al, 2008;Szuli nska et al, 2018;Zhang et al, 2001), while one had a cross-over design (Atkin et al, 2016). Garlic was administrated in four different forms including aged garlic extract (AGE), garlic powder tablets, allicin, and raw garlic extract.…”

“…Findings regarding the effects of garlic supplementation on indices of oxidative stress and antioxidative capacity have been inconsistent. While several clinical trials have shown that garlic supplementation can significantly decrease oxidative stress biomarkers (Ahmadian, Mozaffari-Khosravi, Azaraein, Faraji, & Zavar-Reza, 2017;Liu, Zhang, Cong, & Wen, 2018;Mirunalini, Krishnaveni, & Ambily, 2011;Moosavian, Paknahad, & Habibagahi, 2020;Sangouni, Mohammad Hosseini Azar, & Alizadeh, 2020;Su, Tian, Zhang, & Zhang, 2008;Zhang et al, 2001), others did not show any significant effects of garlic (Atkin, Laight, & Cummings, 2016;Jahangard, Hamedinia, Hosseini Kakhk, Jafari, & Salehzadeh, 2013;Khoobkhahi, Delavar, & Nayebifar, 2019;Seo et al, 2012;Szuli nska et al, 2018).…”

Effect of Alliaceae Extract Supplementation on Performance and Intestinal Microbiota of Growing-Finishing Pig

“…Other species, such as rabbit, have also been the target of studies on the reduction of oxidative toxicity, which, it has been proposed, maybe due to the high total phenolic content of garlic extract [ 10 ]. Even some human illnesses related to oxidative stress, such as rheumatoid arthritis or obesity, have been seen to improve as the result of taking garlic and onion supplements [ 11 , 12 ].…”