1992
DOI: 10.1016/0002-9610(92)90099-d
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A randomized prospective clinical trial to determine the efficacy of interferon-γ in severely injured patients

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Cited by 171 publications
(81 citation statements)
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“…Ex vivo studies showing that GM-CSF and IFN-γ stimulated increased HLA-DR expression on monocytes from septic patients and enhanced LPSinduced TNF-α secretion prompted several clinical trials using GM-CSF or IFN-γ in sepsis therapy (36)(37)(38)(39). However, treatment of trauma patients with IFN-γ showed only minor effects on the rate of infections and did not reduce mortality significantly, despite an IFN-γ-mediated increased HLA-DR expression on monocytes in all studies (40,41). In other trials, GM-CSF did not show any benefit in terms of postoperative septic complications (42) or survival, nevertheless it led to a faster clearance of the infection (43).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 97%
“…Ex vivo studies showing that GM-CSF and IFN-γ stimulated increased HLA-DR expression on monocytes from septic patients and enhanced LPSinduced TNF-α secretion prompted several clinical trials using GM-CSF or IFN-γ in sepsis therapy (36)(37)(38)(39). However, treatment of trauma patients with IFN-γ showed only minor effects on the rate of infections and did not reduce mortality significantly, despite an IFN-γ-mediated increased HLA-DR expression on monocytes in all studies (40,41). In other trials, GM-CSF did not show any benefit in terms of postoperative septic complications (42) or survival, nevertheless it led to a faster clearance of the infection (43).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 97%
“…Use of IFN-γ has been associated with improvements in both monocyte HLA-DR expression and cytokine production capacity and was associated with lower incidence of ventilator-associated infection after severe trauma and improved clearance of invasive infections in fungal sepsis in several small studies. 35,[50][51][52][53][54] In 1 large randomized controlled trial (RCT) of 416 injured adults, IFN-γ or placebo was given for 21 days or until hospital discharge, with those in the IFN-γ group demonstrating a Table 2 Selected human studies evaluating drugs targeting innate and adaptive immune suppression in critical illness Abbreviations: ALI, acute lung injury; ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; G-CSF, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor; GM-CSF, granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor; IFN-γ, interferon gamma; IL, interleukin; mHLA-DR: monocyte HLA-DR expression, MODS, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome; PD, programed death; RCT, randomized controlled trial; TNF, tumor necrosis factor.…”
Section: Innate Immune-stimulating Agentsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Several prospective randomized multicenter trials using IFN-γ have been conducted in trauma patients. However, despite interesting results regarding secondary end points in some subgroups of patients (decreased severity in nosocomial infections, decreased mortality in infected patients), they remained inconclusive regarding overall mortality or infection rates (187,188). Presneill et al (189) presented preliminary GM-CSF data in 10 patients with sepsis-induced respiratory failure.…”
Section: Future Therapeutic Strategies and Conclusionmentioning
confidence: 99%