A Rapid Gas-Liquid Chromatographic Method for the Multidetermination of Antioxidants in Fats, Oils, and Dried Food Products

Abstract

A rapid quantitative method for determining 8 antioxidants in various food products is described. Two procedures are employed. The first involves the use of a glass wool precolumn to separate 3(2)-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole, 3,5-di -tert - butyl - 4 - hydroxytoluene, 4 - hydroxymethyl- 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, and mono-tertbutylhydroquinone (TBHQ) from nonvolatile residues resulting from direct injection of diluted sample or sample extracts into the gasliquid chromatographic (GLC) column. In the second procedure, the antioxidants TBHQ, 3,3'- thiodipropionic acid, n-propyl gallate, 2,4,5- trihydroxybutyrophenone, and nordihydroguaiaretic acid are isolated from food products by extraction with 70% ethanol. The antioxidant residues are then converted to trimethylsilyl derivatives, and determined by GLC, using a flame ionization detector. Recoveries of all 8 antioxidants from 28 food samples fortified at either 10 or 100 ppm ranged from 70 to 105%.

A Survey of Bha and BHT Levels in Three Types of Foods Commonly Availabile in Turkish Markets

“…The levels of antioxidants were determined for cornflake samples (Kline et al 1978). The results of this study established that BHT had been used in these samples.…”

“…Studies conducted in countries other than Turkey have given opposite results (Kline et al 1978;Page and Charbonneau 1989). In a study carried out in the USA, cheesy snack samples were evaluated for the presence of BHA and BHT.…”

“…The samples were kept in a refrigerator at 4C. Kline et al (1978) was used to extract the fat, then the BHA and BHT levels of these fats were determined by applying the gas liquid chromatography method of IS0 (1982). Analysis was performed with a gas chromatograph (Shimadzu GC-9A) equipped with a flame ionization detector.…”

Derivative Formation in the Chromatographic Analysis of Food Additives

“…Kline, et al (70) recently reported the silylation of TBHQ, TDPA, PG, THBP, and NDGA in a variety of food extracts, using a similar reagent to that of Sweeley, et al (64). The derivatives were quantitated on a 3% OV-225 column.…”

Quantitative determination of BHT in soap products by capillary gas chromatography

“…Although analytical methods including colorimetric (1)(2)(3), thin layer chromatography (TLC) (4,5), gas chromatography (GC) (6)(7)(8), and high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) (9)(10)(11)(12)(13) have been reported in the literature for the analysis of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol (BHT) (and certain other antioxidants) in such substances as fats, oils, foodstuffs, packaging materials, etc., the recent publication of Sedea and Toninelli (14) was the only one found which dealt specifically with soap analysis. Their method was a standard addition, packed column GC procedure of the soap sample dissolved in methanol.…”