A rapid, sensitive, and greener stability-indicating normal-phase HPTLC method with univariate calibration for the estimation of chlorhexidine acetate in its commercial formulations

Alam, Prawez; Shakeel, Faiyaz; Alqarni, Mohammed H.; Foudah, Ahmed I.; Alshehri, Sultan

doi:10.1016/j.scp.2021.100552

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…5 A broadspectrum antibacterial agent with long-lasting effects, chlorhexidine acetate (CHD-A), adheres to oral substances. 6,7 Tooth discoloration, an increase in calculus development, taste disruption, and carcinogenic consequences are some of the drawbacks of CHD-A. 8 Due to their effectiveness and lack of negative side effects, the usage of herbal medications has dramatically expanded recently.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Antiplaque agents often stop the development of plaque by their antimicrobial characteristics . A broad-spectrum antibacterial agent with long-lasting effects, chlorhexidine acetate (CHD-A), adheres to oral substances. , Tooth discoloration, an increase in calculus development, taste disruption, and carcinogenic consequences are some of the drawbacks of CHD-A …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of the Physicochemical and Antimicrobial Properties of Nanoemulsion-Based Polyherbal Mouthwash

Haq,

Shahid,

Alaofi

et al. 2023

ACS Omega

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A nanoemulsion-based polyherbal mouthwash (PHFX) of Curcuma longa hydroalcoholic extract was developed and evaluated for its antibacterial effects against a variety of Gram-positive and Gram-negative oral pathogens in comparison to standard chlorhexidine acetate (CHD-A) (positive control). Various nanoemulsion-based mouthwashes of C. longa extract were produced using an aqueous phase titration approach via construction of pseudoternary phase diagrams. The developed nanoemulsionbased PHFX was studied for thermodynamic stability tests. Selected formulations (PHFX1−PHFX5) were characterized physicochemically for droplet diameter, polydispersity index (PDI), refractive index (RI), transmittance, and pH. The drug release studies were performed using the dialysis method. Based on the minimum droplet diameter (26.34 nm), least PDI (0.132), optimal RI (1.337), maximum %T (99.13), optimal pH (6.45), and maximum cumulative drug release (98.2%), formulation PHFX1 (containing 0.5% w/w of C. longa extract, 1.5% w/w of clove oil, 7.0% w/w of Tween-80, 7.0% w/w of Transcutol-HP, and 84.0% w/w of water) was selected for antimicrobial studies in comparison to standard CHD-A. The antibacterial effects and minimum inhibitory concentration were studied against various Gram-positive oral pathogens such as Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Bacillus subtilis and Gram-negative oral pathogens such as Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The antibacterial effects of PHFX1 were found to be significant over standard CHD-A against most Gram-positive and Gram-negative oral pathogens. The antimicrobial studies showed that the formulation PHFX1 was effective against all oral pathogens even at 3-to 4-fold lower working concentrations. These findings indicated the potential of nanoemulsion-based mouthwash in the treatment of a variety of oral pathogen infections.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Physicochemical and Antimicrobial Properties of Nanoemulsion-Based Polyherbal Mouthwash

Haq,

Shahid,

Alaofi

et al. 2023

ACS Omega

Self Cite

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A fast, sensitive, greener, and stability-indicating HPLC method for the standardization and quantitative determination of chlorhexidine acetate in commercial products

Alanazi,

Haq,

Alsarra

et al. 2024

Open Chemistry

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The goal of the proposed work was to create and verify a fast, sensitive, greener, and stability-indicating high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method to quantify chlorhexidine acetate (CHDA) in commercial products. The developed method was validated for numerous validation metrics and greenness. The greener mobile phase was made up of a ternary mixture of ethanol, water, and glacial acetic acid (50:49:1 v/v/v). CHDA was detected at a wavelength of 265 nm. The developed HPLC method showed a coefficient of determination of 0.9981 and was linear in the 1–100 µg/mL range. In addition, the developed method for CHDA analysis was rapid, accurate, precise, robust, and sensitive. The outstanding greenness profile was indicated by the derived values of the Analytical Eco-Scale, ChlorTox, and AGREE scales for the current approach, which are 89, 0.74 g, and 0.77, respectively. With its breakdown products present, the proposed analytical approach was still able to identify CHDA, demonstrating its selectivity- and stability-indicating qualities. Two distinct commercial products, A and B, were found to contain 1.96 and 2.05% w/v of CHDA, respectively. These results revealed that CHDA in commercially accessible products can be routinely standardized and quantified using the proposed HPLC approach.

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A rapid, sensitive, and greener stability-indicating normal-phase HPTLC method with univariate calibration for the estimation of chlorhexidine acetate in its commercial formulations

Cited by 2 publications

References 51 publications

Evaluation of the Physicochemical and Antimicrobial Properties of Nanoemulsion-Based Polyherbal Mouthwash

Evaluation of the Physicochemical and Antimicrobial Properties of Nanoemulsion-Based Polyherbal Mouthwash

A fast, sensitive, greener, and stability-indicating HPLC method for the standardization and quantitative determination of chlorhexidine acetate in commercial products

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