A Realist Approach to Analysis in a Participatory Research Project

Jackson, Suzanne F.; Gloger, Anne; Morgan, Garrett T.

doi:10.1353/cpr.2022.0043

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 6 publications

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“…This method can generate mid-range hypotheses explaining how some programs or actions are successful in some settings and not in others. The details of this analysis method are reported elsewhere ( Jackson, Poland, Gloger, & Morgan, 2022 ). CMO hypotheses were generated in this study in such a way as to include the actions or interventions as well as mechanisms to create CIMOs (Context, Intervention, Mechanism, Outcome) ( Punton, Vogel, Leavy, Michaelis, & Boydell, 2020 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships are everything: The underpinnings of grassroots community action in the COVID-19 pandemic in Toronto

Jackson

Morgan

Gloger³

et al. 2023

Cities

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships are everything: The underpinnings of grassroots community action in the COVID-19 pandemic in Toronto

Jackson

Morgan

Gloger³

et al. 2023

Cities

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Using a Realist Approach in Qualitative Research to Analyse Connections Among Context, Intervention and Outcome

Jackson

2023

Global Handbook of Health Promotion Research, Vol. 3

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Realist analysis of qualitative data in health professions education research

Rees,

Proctor,

Nguyen

et al. 2024

Medical Education

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BackgroundQualitative realist analysis is gaining in popularity in health professions education research (HPER) as part of theory‐driven program evaluation. Although realist approaches such as syntheses and evaluations typically advocate mixed methods, qualitative data dominate currently. Various forms of qualitative analysis have been articulated in HPER, yet realist analysis has not. Although realist analysis is interpretive, it moves beyond description to explain generative causation employing retroductive theorising. Ultimately, it attempts to build and/or ‘test’ (confirm, refute or refine) theory about how, why, for whom, when and to what extent programs work using the context‐mechanism‐outcome configuration (CMOC) heuristic. This paper aims to help readers better critique, conduct and report qualitative realist analysis.Realist Analysis MethodsWe describe four fundamentals of qualitative realist analysis: (1) simultaneous data collection/analysis; (2) retroductive theorising; (3) configurational analysis (involving iterative phases of identifying CMOCs, synthesising CMOCs into demi‐regularities and translating demi‐regularities into program theory); and (4) realist analysis quality (relevance, rigour, richness). Next, we provide a critical analysis of realist analyses employed in 15 HPER outputs—three evaluations and 12 syntheses. Finally, drawing on our understandings of realist literature and our experiences of conducting qualitative realist analysis (both evaluations and syntheses), we articulate three common analysis challenges (coding, consolidation and mapping) and strategies to mitigate these challenges (teamwork, reflexivity and consultation, use of data analysis software and graphical representations of program theory).ConclusionsBased on our critical analysis of the literature and realist analysis experiences, we encourage researchers, peer reviewers and readers to better understand qualitative realist analysis fundamentals. Realist analysts should draw on relevant realist reporting standards and literature on realist analysis to improve the quality and reporting of realist analysis. Through better understanding the common challenges and mitigation strategies for realist analysis, we can collectively improve the quality of realist analysis in HPER.

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A Realist Approach to Analysis in a Participatory Research Project

Cited by 4 publications

References 6 publications

Relationships are everything: The underpinnings of grassroots community action in the COVID-19 pandemic in Toronto

Relationships are everything: The underpinnings of grassroots community action in the COVID-19 pandemic in Toronto

Using a Realist Approach in Qualitative Research to Analyse Connections Among Context, Intervention and Outcome

Realist analysis of qualitative data in health professions education research

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