A reconfigurable beam sweeping patch antenna utilizing parasitic graphene elements for terahertz applications

Basiri, Raheleh; Zareian‐Jahromi, Ehsan; Aghazade-Tehrani, Mahsa

doi:10.1016/j.photonics.2022.101044

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The equation for calculating the resonant frequency in TM mnp of a rectangular microstrip antenna mode is given as [Eq. ( 1)], (1) where v 0 , μ, ε, (m, n, p), h, L, and W represent the propagation speed of the wave in a vacuum, the magnetic permeability of the substrate, the dielectric constant of the substrate, the resonance mode, the substrate thickness, and the length and width of the radiation plane, respectively. When the resonance mode is set to TM010, the resonant frequency will be as shown in Equation ( 2).…”

Section: Chemistryselectmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wireless communication is one of the most remarkable technological developments that facilitate people's lives by providing information transfer between two or more points without any conductor such as a cable. [1,2] Wireless communication technology, which uses free space as the transmission medium, needs antennas for the transmission and collection of data. [3,4] Today, the success of communication technologies, biomedical applications, and many other systems, such as aviation, is dependent on the antenna's design, performance and applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wireless communication is one of the most remarkable technological developments that facilitate people‘s lives by providing information transfer between two or more points without any conductor such as a cable [1,2] . Wireless communication technology, which uses free space as the transmission medium, needs antennas for the transmission and collection of data [3,4] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Electromagnetic and Chemical Analysis and Performance Comparison of Inset‐fed Rectangular Microstrip Antennas

et al. 2023

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A simple method for creating lightweight and inexpensive microstrip patch antennas using reduced graphene oxide or acetylene black added epoxy resin was developed. The biggest goal in the method is optimizing the appropriate chemicals and production processes for producing the materials with the designed properties. Five examples of an inset‐fed microstrip patch antenna operating at approximately 2.0–12.0 GHz were designed based on the antenna‘s basic analytical formula. Their models were created in a 3D electromagnetic simulation environment. After examining the performance results of the design, the appropriate design models were produced with both 3D printer technology and wet‐chemical methods, and the experimental results were compared with the simulation results. The produced reduced graphene oxide or acetylene black added samples′ structure was illuminated with scanning electron microscope images, FTIR and Raman spectroscopy analysis. The measured S11 characteristics of the antennas provide better performance as compared to the simulated results. The measured S11 parameters for the two and three frequency bands fell substantially below −10 dB. As a result of the dielectric constants of the materials and the fabrication of the radiation plane, horizontal shifts were detected in the measurement outcomes.

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Section: Chemistryselectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electromagnetic and Chemical Analysis and Performance Comparison of Inset‐fed Rectangular Microstrip Antennas

et al. 2023

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“…The radiated beam is electronically scanned from −

at the frequency 2 THz. A THz beam steering microstrip patch antenna is demonstrated in [ 25 ]. The metallic radiating patch is surrounded by six parasitic graphene ribbons located at the lateral, upper, and lower sides of the radiating patch.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifunctional THz Graphene Antenna with 360∘ Continuous ϕ-Steering and θ-Control of Beam

Dmitriev

Oliveira

Paiva

et al. 2023

Sensors

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A novel graphene antenna composed of a graphene dipole and four auxiliary graphene sheets oriented at 90∘ to each other is proposed and analyzed. The sheets play the role of reflectors. A detailed group-theoretical analysis of symmetry properties of the discussed antennas has been completed. Through electric field control of the chemical potentials of the graphene elements, the antenna can provide a quasi-omnidirectional diagram, a one- or two-directional beam regime, dynamic control of the beam width and, due to the vertical orientation of the dipole with respect to the base substrate, a 360∘ beam steering in the azimuth plane. An additional graphene layer on the base permits control of the radiation pattern in the θ-direction. Radiation patterns in different working states of the antenna are considered using symmetry arguments. We discuss the antenna parameters such as input reflection coefficient, total efficiency, front-to-back ratio, and gain. An equivalent circuit of the antenna is suggested. The proposed antenna operates at frequencies between 1.75 THz and 2.03 THz. Depending on the active regime defined by the chemical potentials set on the antenna graphene elements, the maximum gain varies from 0.86 to 1.63.

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Frequency reconfigurable antipodal Vivaldi 2-port antenna based on graphene for terahertz communications

Ibrahim

Gaber

2023

Opt Quant Electron

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A graphene-based two ports antipodal Vivaldi antenna with improved gain for THz applications is introduced. The single antenna is composed of an antipodal Vivaldi antenna with a graphene radiator on the top and copper ground plane on the back with a total size equal to 108 µm × 84 µm to achieve reconfigurable performance from 3 to 4.5 THz. The reconfigurability is validated by changing the external DC Volt which in turn changes the graphene chemical potential and then changes the operating frequency. As well, to enhance the antenna gain, frequency selective surfaces (FSS) with a metallic patch are utilized to enhance the antenna gain. The FSS performance is investigated and optimized using a finite integral technique (FIT) software to achieve a reflective feature with band rejection from 2 up to 5 THz within the operating bands of the suggested antenna. The FSS is inserted below the MIMO antenna to reflect the antenna radiation and then enhance the antenna gain. The antenna gain is increased from 6 dB (single antenna without FSS) to 10.8 dB (with FSS) at 3.4 THz. The MIMO antenna is operated from 3.2 to 4.45 THz with S11 ≤ − 10 dB, isolation ˃ 20, gain from 8 to 10.8 dB, and efficiency higher than 80%. Finally, the MIMO parameters outcomes achieved good values which suggested the antenna to be employed in IoT THz applications.

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A reconfigurable beam sweeping patch antenna utilizing parasitic graphene elements for terahertz applications

Cited by 10 publications

References 29 publications

Electromagnetic and Chemical Analysis and Performance Comparison of Inset‐fed Rectangular Microstrip Antennas

Electromagnetic and Chemical Analysis and Performance Comparison of Inset‐fed Rectangular Microstrip Antennas

Multifunctional THz Graphene Antenna with 360∘ Continuous ϕ-Steering and θ-Control of Beam

Frequency reconfigurable antipodal Vivaldi 2-port antenna based on graphene for terahertz communications

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