A releaser pheromone that attracts males in the urine of mature female masu salmon

Yambe, Hidenobu

doi:10.1006/jfbi.1999.0980

Cited by 17 publications

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“…Therefore, we have speculated that the mature females release a sex pheromone in their urine, as reported in other animals (11,12). Because of their life history and sexual dimorphism, it is easy to handle small precocious males for behavioral tests and to efficiently obtain urine from large anadromous females by catheterization (13). Bioassay-guided fractionation of the urine yielded a maleattracting pheromone that was identified as L-kynurenine.…”

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confidence: 77%

l -Kynurenine, an amino acid identified as a sex pheromone in the urine of ovulated female masu salmon

Yambe

Kudoh

Kamio

et al. 2006

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

127

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Many animals employ sex pheromones to find mating partners during their reproductive seasons. However, most sex pheromones of vertebrates remain to be identified. Over the past 20 years, steroids and prostaglandins have been identified as sex pheromones in several fishes. These pheromones are broadly termed “hormonal pheromones” because they or their precursors act as hormones in these fishes. Hitherto, no other type of sex pheromone has been unambiguously identified in teleost fish. Here we report the identification of a “nonhormonal pheromone” in teleost fish. The urine of the reproductively mature female masu salmon ( Oncorhynchus masou ) contains a male-attracting pheromone. Bioassay-guided fractionation yielded an active compound that was identical to l -kynurenine in spectral and chromatographic properties. l -Kynurenine is a major metabolite of l -tryptophan in vertebrates. This pheromone elicits a male-specific behavior at even picomolar concentrations; its electrophysiological threshold is 10 −14 M. l -Kynurenine is a reasonable substance for female masu salmon to advertise their readiness for mating.

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confidence: 77%

l -Kynurenine, an amino acid identified as a sex pheromone in the urine of ovulated female masu salmon

Yambe

Kudoh

Kamio

et al. 2006

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

127

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“…Chemical signals in the urine would be lined up as the most important candidate for the interpretation. Female urine induces positively the endocrine or behavioral responses of male salmon (Vermeirssen et al, 1997;Yambe et al, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They were catheterized to collect the urine as described previously (Yambe et al, 1999). Urine solutions were made by diluting 500 µl urine with 300 ml of distilled water (DW).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Full details of behavioral experiments using a Y-maze trough (290 cm distance x 35 cm width, 10 cm in water depth, 50 l/min in flow of each channel; see Yambe et al, 1999: fig.3) with a mirror to observe the downstream section followed Yambe et al (1999). In short, two test fish were acclimated for 15 min in the downstream section.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the salmonid fishes, female urine has been remarkably studied over the last decade. The urine of ovulated female masu salmon Oncorhynchus masou and female rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss have been also reported to be a source of male-attracting pheromones that attract conspecific males (Yambe et al, 1999;Yambe and Yamazaki, 2001). On the other hand, little attention has been given to the effects of mature male urine as chemical signals for the salmonid males.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Responses of immature male masu salmon parr to the urine of mature males

2006

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The role of F-series prostaglandins as reproductive priming pheromones in the brown trout

Moore

Olsén

Lower

et al. 2002

Journal of Fish Biology

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Electrophysiological studies demonstrated that the olfactory epithelium of mature male brown trout Salmo trutta parr was acutely sensitive to F-series prostaglandins (PGFs) PGF 1 and PGF 2 , with detection threshold concentrations of 10 11 . The olfactory epithelium was also sensitive to the PGF metabolite 15-ketoPGF 2 (threshold 10 8 ), but did not detect a further metabolite, 13,14,-dihydro-15-ketoPGF 2 . Immature brown trout did not detect any of the prostaglandins tested. Exposure of mature male brown trout parr to waterborne PGF 1 and PGF 2 (concentration 10 8 ), resulted in significant increases in levels of expressible milt and the plasma concentrations of 17,20 -dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one, testosterone and 11-ketotestosterone. The olfactory epithelium of both immature and mature male brown trout parr was sensitive to the urine and ovarian fluid from ovulated female brown trout. Exposure of mature male brown trout parr to ovarian fluid resulted in an increase in the levels of plasma 17,20 -dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one whilst exposure to urine increased the levels of expressible milt. In addition, PGF 2 was found to be present within both the urine and ovarian fluid of mature female brown trout. It is suggested that the F-series prostaglandins have a role as priming pheromones in male brown trout. 2002 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles

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A releaser pheromone that attracts males in the urine of mature female masu salmon

Cited by 17 publications

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l -Kynurenine, an amino acid identified as a sex pheromone in the urine of ovulated female masu salmon

l -Kynurenine, an amino acid identified as a sex pheromone in the urine of ovulated female masu salmon

Responses of immature male masu salmon parr to the urine of mature males

The role of F-series prostaglandins as reproductive priming pheromones in the brown trout

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