A report on extensive lateral genetic reciprocation between arsenic resistant Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus pumilus strains analyzed using RAPD-PCR

Khowal, Sapna; Siddiqui, Md. Zulquarnain; Ali, Shadab; Khan, Mohd. Taha; Khan, Mather Ali; Naqvi, Samar Husain; Wajid, Saima

doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2016.12.010

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…coagulans strain, molecular typing of the isolates of these species was performed by RAPD-PCR. This kind of whole genome fingerprinting has successfully been used to differentiate strains belonging to the genus Bacillus [8, 35, 36].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification of Bacillus species: Implication on the quality of probiotic formulations

et al. 2019

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Spores of several Bacillus species have long history of consumption and safe use as probiotics and a variety of formulations containing these organisms are available in the global market. Considering the difficulties in the identification of Bacillus species and the poor microbiological quality of many probiotic formulations, we used three up-to-date methodological approaches for analyzing the content of ten formulations marketed in Italy and labeled to contain Bacillus spores. We compared the performance of biochemical tests based on the BCL Vitek2 card and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, using 16S rDNA sequencing as the reference technique. The BCL card performed well in identifying all Bacillus probiotic strains as well as the Bruker’s MALDI Biotyper. Nevertheless, the MALDI score values were sometimes lower than those indicated by the manufacturer for correct species identification. Contaminant bacteria ( Lysinibacillus fusiformis , Acinetobacter baumannii , Bacillus cereus , Brevibacillus choshinensis , Bacillus licheniformis , Bacillus badius ) were detected in some formulations. Characterization of the B . cereus contaminant showed the potential pathogenicity of this strain. Microbial enumeration performed by the plate count method revealed that the number of viable cells contained in many of the analyzed products differed from the labeled amount. Overall, our data show that only two of the ten analyzed formulations qualitatively and quantitatively respect what is on the label. Since probiotic properties are most often strain specific, molecular typing of isolates of the two most common Bacillus species, B . clausii and B . coagulans , was also performed. In conclusion, the majority of the analyzed products do not comply with quality requirements, most likely leading to reduced/absent efficacy of the preparation and representing a potential infective risk for consumers.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fingerprinting of bacterial genomes was performed with the primers [35]. PCR conditions were as follows: 30 cycles consisting of 94°C for 1 min, 36°C for 1 min, and 72°C for 2 min, followed by one cycle consisting of 72°C for 10 min [8].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Bacillus species: Implication on the quality of probiotic formulations

et al. 2019

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“…The majority of our bacterial isolates belong to the Bacillus genus, and indeed Bacilli have been frequently isolated from P. vittata roots grown on As or metal-polluted soils 34 . Among our isolates, two are homologous to Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus nealsonii that have been previously associated with As-contaminated soils 35,36 , while the other two, homologous to Bacillus simplex and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, have been associated to soils contaminated by heavy metals such as Cu, Pb, Cd and Cr 37,38 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Phytoextraction efficiency of Pteris vittata grown on a naturally As-rich soil and characterization of As-resistant rhizosphere bacteria

Antenozio

Giannelli

Marabottini

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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This study evaluated the phytoextraction capacity of the fern Pteris vittata grown on a natural arsenic-rich soil of volcanic-origin from the Viterbo area in central Italy. This calcareous soil is characterized by an average arsenic concentration of 750 mg kg−1, of which 28% is bioavailable. By means of micro-energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (μ-XRF) we detected As in P. vittata fronds after just 10 days of growth, while a high As concentrations in fronds (5,000 mg kg−1), determined by Inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), was reached after 5.5 months. Sixteen arsenate-tolerant bacterial strains were isolated from the P. vittata rhizosphere, a majority of which belong to the Bacillus genus, and of this majority only two have been previously associated with As. Six bacterial isolates were highly As-resistant (> 100 mM) two of which, homologous to Paenarthrobacter ureafaciens and Beijerinckia fluminensis, produced a high amount of IAA and siderophores and have never been isolated from P. vittata roots. Furthermore, five isolates contained the arsenate reductase gene (arsC). We conclude that P. vittata can efficiently phytoextract As when grown on this natural As-rich soil and a consortium of bacteria, largely different from that usually found in As-polluted soils, has been found in P. vittata rhizosphere.

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“…Figure 5 gives an overview of the quantitative results obtained by species-specific quantitative PCR (qPCR) targeting solely probiotic species. The primers selected ( 27 – 29 ), along with their target regions and amplification conditions, are detailed in Table 1 . At T1, the quantities [log copy numbers (CNs)] did not differ between the probiotic and placebo groups ( Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…reuteri DSM33373, Lc. paracasei DSM33374, B. megaterium DSM33300, and B. pumilus DSM33355 and DSM33297 were investigated as both DNA and cDNA using different primers ( 27 – 29 ) ( Table 1 ). The qPCR reactions were carried out with the Applied Biosystems 7300 Real-Time PCR System (Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., MI, Italy).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel probiotic preparation with in vivo gluten-degrading activity and potential modulatory effects on the gut microbiota

Nikoloudaki,

Celano,

Polo

et al. 2024

Microbiol Spectr

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Gluten possesses unique properties that render it only partially digestible. Consequently, it exerts detrimental effects on a part of the worldwide population who are afflicted with celiac disease (1%) or related disorders (5%), particularly due to the potential for cross-contamination even when adhering to a gluten-free diet (GFD). Finding solutions to break down gluten during digestion has a high nutritional and social impact. Here, a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled in vivo challenge investigated the gluten-degrading activity of a novel probiotic preparation comprising lactobacilli and their cytoplasmic extracts, Bacillus sp., and bacterial protease. In our clinical trial, we collected feces from 70 healthy volunteers at specific time intervals. Probiotic/placebo administration lasted 32 days, followed by 10 days of wash-out. After preliminary GFD to eliminate residual gluten from feces, increasing amounts of gluten (50 mg–10 g) were administered, each one for 4 consecutive days. Compared to placebo, the feces of volunteers fed with probiotics showed much lower amounts of residual gluten, mainly with increased intakes. Probiotics also regulate the intestinal microbial communities, improving the abundance of genera pivotal to maintaining homeostasis. Quantitative PCR confirmed that all probiotics persisted during the intervention, some also during wash-out. Probiotics promoted a fecal metabolome with potential immunomodulating activity, mainly related to derivatives of branched-chain amino acids and short-chain fatty acids. IMPORTANCE The untapped potential of gluten-degrading bacteria and their application in addressing the recognized limitations of gluten-related disorder management and the ongoing risk of cross-contamination even when people follow a gluten-free diet (GFD) emphasizes the significance of the work. Because gluten, a common protein found in many cereals, must be strictly avoided to stop autoimmune reactions and related health problems, celiac disease and gluten sensitivity present difficult hurdles. However, because of the hidden presence of gluten in many food products and the constant danger of cross-contamination during food preparation and processing, total avoidance is frequently challenging. Our study presents a novel probiotic preparation suitable for people suffering from gluten-related disorders during GFD and for healthy individuals because it enhances gluten digestion and promotes gut microbiota functionality.

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A report on extensive lateral genetic reciprocation between arsenic resistant Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus pumilus strains analyzed using RAPD-PCR

Cited by 7 publications

References 75 publications

Identification of Bacillus species: Implication on the quality of probiotic formulations

Identification of Bacillus species: Implication on the quality of probiotic formulations

Phytoextraction efficiency of Pteris vittata grown on a naturally As-rich soil and characterization of As-resistant rhizosphere bacteria

Novel probiotic preparation with in vivo gluten-degrading activity and potential modulatory effects on the gut microbiota

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