A Research on the RDE and WLTC Cycle Emission Characteristics of Hybrid Electric Vehicle

Wang, Wei; Dai, Zhengxing; Bao, Mingzi; Chen, Jialu; Huang, Weishan; Liu, Yiqiang

doi:10.1109/icet51757.2021.9451047

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 3 publications

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“…The trace of potential RDE operating points is unlimited. In addition, the environmental influences in on-road tests can vary greatly between individual tests [29]. With not only temperature and humidity but also traffic and driver behavior [30] being uncontrollable, a reproduction of one test to another is nearly impossible [31,32].…”

Section: Challenges Posed By Rdementioning

confidence: 99%

Real Driving Emissions—Conception of a Data-Driven Calibration Methodology for Hybrid Powertrains Combining Statistical Analysis and Virtual Calibration Platforms

et al. 2021

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The combination of different propulsion and energy storage systems for hybrid vehicles is changing the focus in the field of powertrain calibration. Shorter time-to-market as well as stricter legal requirements regarding the validation of Real Driving Emissions (RDE) require the adaptation of current procedures and the implementation of new technologies in the powertrain development process. In order to achieve highest efficiencies and lowest pollutant emissions at the same time, the layout and calibration of the control strategies for the powertrain and the exhaust gas aftertreatment system must be precisely matched. An optimal operating strategy must take into account possible trade-offs in fuel consumption and emission levels, both under highly dynamic engine operation and under extended environmental operating conditions. To achieve this with a high degree of statistical certainty, the combination of advanced methods and the use of virtual test benches offers significant potential. An approach for such a combination is presented in this paper. Together with a Hardware-in-the-Loop (HiL) test bench, the novel methodology enables a targeted calibration process, specifically designed to address calibration challenges of hybridized powertrains. Virtual tests executed on a HiL test bench are used to efficiently generate data characterizing the behavior of the system under various conditions with a statistically based evaluation identifying white spots in measurement data, used for calibration and emission validation. In addition, critical sequences are identified in terms of emission intensity, fuel consumption or component conditions. Dedicated test scenarios are generated and applied on the HiL test bench, which take into account the state of the system and are adjusted depending on it. The example of one emission calibration use case is used to illustrate the benefits of using a HiL platform, which achieves approximately 20% reduction in calibration time by only showing differences of less than 2% for fuel consumption and emission levels compared to real vehicle tests.

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Section: Challenges Posed By Rdementioning

confidence: 99%

Real Driving Emissions—Conception of a Data-Driven Calibration Methodology for Hybrid Powertrains Combining Statistical Analysis and Virtual Calibration Platforms

et al. 2021

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Modeling and Evaluation of SiC Inverters for EV Applications

Zhang

Meng

et al. 2022

Energies

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In this paper, the efficiency benefits of adopting Silicon–Carbide devices for electric vehicle applications are studied. A hybrid time and frequency domain-based simulation tool is developed for the Silicon–Carbide (SiC) traction inverter modeling. The tool provides steady-state results with comparable accuracy to standard time domain methods and achieves a factor of thousand reductions in time when simulating a large number of operating points. Especially, the impact of temperature-dependent device losses has been considered to ensure the simulation precision. Next, a vehicle-level modeling is developed to evaluate the impact of the inverter efficiency on the endurance mileage increase of vehicles. It is found that, by applying Silicon–Carbide devices, the energy consumption of the inverter can be greatly reduced by 3/4 under WLTC (World light light-duty vehicle test cycle) profile. It can be transformed into a mileage endurance increase of 3–5%. The impact of the drive cycle profile and the vehicle’s drag coefficient on the endurance mileage are evaluated as well. In addition, an economic/cost model is developed for selecting the “optimal” chip paralleling number for Silicon–Carbide power modules. Interestingly, the results indicate that this number should be slightly overdesigned to achieve the most cost saving from the system point of view.

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A Research on the RDE and WLTC Cycle Emission Characteristics of Hybrid Electric Vehicle

Cited by 2 publications

References 3 publications

Real Driving Emissions—Conception of a Data-Driven Calibration Methodology for Hybrid Powertrains Combining Statistical Analysis and Virtual Calibration Platforms

Real Driving Emissions—Conception of a Data-Driven Calibration Methodology for Hybrid Powertrains Combining Statistical Analysis and Virtual Calibration Platforms

Modeling and Evaluation of SiC Inverters for EV Applications

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