A responsive AIE-active fluorescent probe for visualization of acetylcholinesterase activityin vitroandin vivo

Abstract

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is a significant enzyme, which plays critical roles in numerous physiological and pathological processes. Thus, selective, and sensitive real-time imaging of AChE activity in vivo has great importance...

Excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT)-based fluorescent probes for biomarker detection: design, mechanism, and application

“…Immune responses, cellular signal transduction, regulation of oxidative stress, and stimulation of antioxidant defenses 89,90 Cancer, 91 diabetes, 92 cardiovascular diseases, 93,94 and neurodegenerative disorders 95 Hypochlorous acid ClO À Neuronal aging, pathogen response, and antiinflammatory regulation [96][97][98][99][100][101] Cardiovascular and kidney diseases, inflammatory disease, neuron degeneration, and cancer 57,58,102 Formaldehyde HCHO The carbon cycle metabolism process 103,104 Alzheimer's disease, cognitive impairment, neurodegenerative diseases, and atherosclerosis 105-108 b-Glucuronidase GUS Tumor invasion, and metastasis 109 / b-Galactosidase b-Gal Gene expression and cellular senescence 110,111 Primary ovarian cancer 110,111 Phosphatase ALP Regulating phosphate metabolism 112,113 Diabetes, bone disease, liver dysfunction, and prostate cancer 114,115 Esterase -Gene expression, ester metabolism, material transport, and detoxification [116][117][118] Wolman disease, obesity, atherosclerosis, cancer, hyperlipidemia, and hepatic steatosis [119][120][121][122][123][124] Acetylcholinesterase AChE Metabolic processes 125 Salivation, convulsions, tremors, and even death 126,127 Leucine aminopeptidase…”

Pseudo-irreversible butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors: Structure–activity relationships, computational and crystallographic study of the N-dialkyl O-arylcarbamate warhead

“…Moreover, AChE and BChE can be used as biomarkers for detection of Alzheimer's disease [1,31,32], Hirschsprung's disease [33,34] and multiple sclerosis [35,36]. To date, only a few AChE [37][38][39][40][41][42] and BChE [43][44][45][45][46][47] fluorescent probes and histochemical methods [48] have enabled tissue ChE location and activity determination. Accordingly, the development of new chemical probes for investigating the roles of ChEs in physiological and pathophysiological processes in vitro and ex vivo is required by biologists and neurobiologists [49][50][51].…”

Recent advances in NIR-II fluorescence based theranostic approaches for glioma

“…In the case of gliomas, fluorescence has garnered considerable attention for its applicability in tumor diagnosis and therapy. Several fluorophores have been applied to gliomas for imaging, drug delivery, and therapy ( Ji et al, 2018 ; Mishchenko et al, 2020 ; Ghirardello et al, 2022 ; Xiang et al, 2022 ). However, the emissive range of these fluorophores is within the visible light spectrum (380–700 nm), which leads to poor tissue penetration owing to light absorption and scattering and autofluorescence.…”