A retrospect on antimicrobial potential of thiazole scaffold

Abstract

Due to its appreciable diversity in biological actions, thiazole and its substituted components, a significant class of heterocyclic compounds has developed as an influential scaffold in the field of chemical sciences. The variability of thiazole core has been expressed through the effective instigation of its anticancer (Dasatinib, Tiazofurin), antiretroviral (Ritonavir, Brecanavir), antimicrobial (Sulfathiazole, Ravuconazole) and anti-inflammatory (Fenclozic acid, Meloxicam) derivatives. This reasonable diversity in the physiological reaction pattern led many scientists to refine and develop new structural alternatives with much more efficient pharmacological action. This review is crucial for previous studies and projects to survey the antimicrobial activity of thiazole and thiazole related compounds to the mid of 2019.

An Overview of the Synthesis and Antimicrobial, Antiprotozoal, and Antitumor Activity of Thiazole and Bisthiazole Derivatives

“…Nowadays, research in the field of antimicrobial drug design is focused on the discovery of novel targets and chemical entities that possess antibacterial activity in order to Compounds bearing two thiazole rings, such as the antitumor drug bleomycin, the antiretroviral agent ritonavir, the pharmacokinetic enhancer for HIV drugs cobicistat, and the antibacterial agent cefditoren, have been authorized on the pharmaceutical market (Figure 2) [2,5]. The high medicinal significance of this scaffold has attracted considerable attention from many researchers and encouraged the design and synthesis of numerous thiazoleand bisthiazole-containing compounds with diverse pharmacological activities, such as antibacterial [6], antifungal [7], antiprotozoal [8], antiviral [9,10], anticancer [11], antiinflammatory [12][13][14][15][16], antioxidant [17], analgesic [18], anticonvulsant [19], antidiabetic [20], and antihypertensive [21] activities. Furthermore, thiazole compounds exhibiting a promising biological potential for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease [22,23] and metabolic syndrome [24] have been reported in the scientific literature.…”

“ An Efficient One Pot Multicomponent Synthesis of Dihydro Pyrazolyl Bithiazole Derivatives as Potential Anticancer Agents and Their Molecular Docking Studies”

“…Thiazoles and dihydropyrazoles are versatile ve membered heterocyclic compounds, which are widely used in the eld of medicinal chemistry, natural products and functional materials. Most of the thiazoles have been reported to exhibit vast pharmacological applications including antimicrobial [16,17], antivira [18 -20], antitubercular [21,22], anticancer [23 -26], anti-in ammatory [27 -29], antitrypanosomal [30,31] and anti fungal activity [32,33]. Pyrazoles represent another important nitrogen containing heterocycles that have attracted much more attention among the medicinal chemists due to their extensive applications in the eld of drug discovery [34 -40], agrochemicals [41] and materials [42 -45].…”

Design, Synthesis and Biological Assessment of Thiazole Derivatives as Possible Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Agents

“…Bacterial resistance to antibiotics and similar drugs is a real concern in the scientific profession, as many bacterial species have acquired resistance to treatment. The rise in bacterial resistance has not only contributed to an increase in infection-associated mortality and the frequency of infections but has also contributed to the rise in the economic implications of healthcare linked to the treatment of drug-resistant infections [2][3][4].…”