A Retrospective Study of Kidney Stone Recurrence in Adults

Abstract

Background Nephrolithiasis or kidney stone disease (KSD) is a common disorder worldwide. Despite the availability of a variety of effective management strategies, KSD recurrence remains a problem. In the present study, we investigated the KSD recurrence after the treatment of the first stone episode. Methods Medical records of all patients who had KDS treated in our department from January 2012 to January 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. A total of 146 patients who had KDS recurrence were identified. The demographic information, biochemical data, treatment methods, report of hydronephrosis severity and stone chemical compositions were collected and analyzed. Results We reported that: 1) Sixty four (43.8%) out of 146 patients with stone recurrence were overweight or obese; 2) Of all 146 patients with stone recurrence, 86 (58.9%) had hyperlipidemia, 77 (52.4%) had hyperuricemia and 64 (43.8%) had hyperglycemia; 3) Mini-invasive methods were mostly used for the treatment of the first stone episode; 4) The most chief complaint differed during the first episode and recurrence; 5) The number of patients who had grades 3 and 4 hydronephrosis was significantly lower during recurrence compared with that in the first stone episode; 6) Seventy nine (54.1%) patients with recurrence had stone of calcium oxalate. Conclusions Majority of patients with KSD recurrence have overweight/obesity, hyperlipidemia, hyperuricemia and hyperglycemia, indicating a role of metabolic disorders in stone recurrence. Mini-invasive methods are the mainstay for the management of the first stone episode. The degree of hydronephrosis is significantly reduced during stone recurrence, possibly due to increased awareness of the disease and thereafter the change of lifestyle in patients. Over half of recurrent stones are of calcium oxalate.

Behavioural habits and underlying diseases associated with urolithiasis: A case–control study

“…Identifying the underlying factors in development of the disease can play an important role in reducing the risk of its incidence and/or recurrence. Zeng et al believed that most patients with renal stones could prevent relapse episodes through changing their lifestyles 10 . In addition, due to the genetic inheritance of this disease, 11 awareness of patients' first‐degree relatives about the diseases and making the necessary changes in lifestyle and behavioural habits could help reduce the risk of the disease among family members 12…”

“…In order to prevent urinary tract stones, the factors involved in the development of the disease including behavioural habits, underlying diseases and medications have to be identified in different populations. Although some studies have been done in this field, researchers believe that further understanding of the association between urolithiasis and other risk factors such as systemic disorders is necessary for the development of new therapeutic options 10 . Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the relationship between urolithiasis and behavioural habits and underlying diseases.…”

“…Zeng et al believed that most patients with renal stones could prevent relapse episodes through changing their lifestyles. 10 In addition, due to the genetic inheritance of this disease, 11 awareness of patients' first-degree relatives about the diseases and making the necessary changes in lifestyle and behavioural habits could help reduce the risk of the disease among family members. 12 The results of various studies have shown that several factors such as personal characteristics, 13 individual lifestyle habits, 14 physical activity, 15 obesity, 16 body mass index, 17 dietary habits, 18 consuming alcoholic drinks and smoking 1,6 played critical roles in the development of renal stones.…”

Multiphysics Analysis of Ultrasonic Shock Wave Lithotripsy and Side Effects on Surrounding Tissues

“…Kidney stone disease is a common problem worldwide with a prevalence of approximately 10-12% of men and 5-6% of women in Western countries [ 1 ]. Several factors such as genetic, nutrition, and geographic and socioeconomic have influences on kidney stone disease [ 2 ]. There are different types of minerals that can form urinary stones and Calcium Oxalate is the most common stone component [ 3 ].…”

Analysis of urinary stone types’ distribution in Turkey according to the geographical regions where patients were born and live: A cross-sectional single-center experience

“…The higher incidence and prevalence rates were found to be related to dietary habits, socioeconomic conditions, water consumption, water quality and hot climate (4). Metabolic disorders like overweight/obesity, hyperlipidemia, hyperuricemia, and hyperglycemia have a role in the recurrence of urolithiasis (5).…”