A Review of Electrocoagulation Process for Wastewater Treatment

Ryagi, Harshita; Sanjay, S.; Harshith, H J; Rakesh, H

doi:10.20902/ijctr.2018.110333

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Moreover, the measured temperatures were higher when applying higher current density during EC, aligning with literature data. 40,41 For example, at the highest current density, the temperature increased by ≈ 20 °C (from 22.7 to 40.2 °C),…”

Section: Analysis Of Solutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of Crystal Violet Dye by Electrocoagulation – Analysis of Electrode and Solution Changes

Gudić,

Vrsalović,

Vukojević Medvidović

et al. 2024

Kem. ind. (Online)

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This study investigates the changes at the electrodes and in the solution during crystal violet dye removal by electrocoagulation at different current densities (0.016, 0.024, and 0.032 A cm −2 ) and initial pH values (3.2, 5.5, and 7.0). The electrocoagulation process, which lasted 50 min, revealed changes in pH, temperature, electrical conductivity, and concentration of the crystal violet dye in the solution. The results demonstrate complete removal of crystal violet dye at the highest current density (achieved after 40 min) and an initial pH of 5.5 (complete removal after 30 min). During the electrocoagulation process, both the anodic and cathodic electrode materials were consumed. The consumption of electrode material increased with higher current density and solution pH, the influence of current density being more pronounced. Examination of the electrode surfaces under a light microscope revealed that the anodes dissolved uniformly and locally during the electrocoagulation process, while the cathodes mostly underwent uniform corrosion.

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Section: Analysis Of Solutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of Crystal Violet Dye by Electrocoagulation – Analysis of Electrode and Solution Changes

Gudić,

Vrsalović,

Vukojević Medvidović

et al. 2024

Kem. ind. (Online)

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“…The greater the interelectrode distance, the slower the generated ions move. Because of their slow movement, ions need more time to form the floc required for pollutant coagulation [16]. Naser et al [51] achieved a high removal of COD at a 2 cm interelectrode distance.…”

Section: Id Factormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…EC is an efficient method for eliminating O&G. Moreover, the EC process has many significant advantages, which include a high rate of pollution removal, small equipment size, ease of operation, and rapid sedimentation. Furthermore, EC has low capital and operational costs [16,17], and it is an environmentally friendly technology due to its low sludge production and lack of chemical additions [4,18]. The mechanisms of EC happen when using an anode and a cathode, and the water with contaminants will flow between those two fields, i.e., two aspects or electrodes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonic (US)-Assisted Electrocoagulation (EC) Process for Oil and Grease (O&G) Removal from Restaurant Wastewater

et al. 2023

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Restaurant wastewater contains a high concentration of O&G, up to 3434 mg/L. This study aims to (a) assess the efficiency of EC combined with US methods for O&G removal in restaurant wastewater, (b) identify the optimum condition for COD degradation using EC treatment via response surface methodology (RSM), and (c) determine the morphological surface of the aluminium (Al) electrode before and after EC treatment. The wastewater samples were collected from the Lembaran cafeteria at the Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM). The efficiency of EC, US, and US-EC, combined methods for O&G removal, was investigated using a batch reactor (pH 7). The interelectrode distance (ID, 2–6 cm), electrolysis time (T, 15–35 min), and current density (CD, 40–80 A/m2) were analysed, followed by RSM. The response variables were O&G (1000 mg/L) and chemical oxygen demand (COD low range, 1000 mg/L). The central composite design (CCD) with a quadratic model was used to appraise the effects and interactions of these parameters. The morphological surface of the electrode used was observed via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The optimum removal efficiencies obtained were 95.4% (O&G) and 75.9% (COD) (ID: 2.4 cm, T: 30.5 min, and CD: 53.2 A/m2). The regression line fitted the data (R2 O&G: 0.9838, and R2 COD: 0.9558). The SEM images revealed that the use of US was useful in minimising cavitation on the electrode surface, which could lower the EC treatment efficacy. The US-EC combined technique is highly recommended for O&G removal from the food industry’s wastewater.

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“…The efficiency of electrocoagulation is highly dependent on current density, solution pH, processing time, wastewater concentration, type of electrodes, and distance between the electrodes [4,5]. Using the electrocoagulation method for the removal of Cadmium efficiencies was 92.4% at pH 7 and 5min of the reaction, and 96.6% at pH 7, and 30min of the reaction respectively [6,7]. removal of copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), and manganese (Mn) from model wastewater at a current density of 25mA/cm 2 with a total energy consumption of 49 kWh/m 3 using electrocoagulation, more than 96% removal value and Mn which was 72.6% [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the Removal Efficiencies for Electro-Flotation and Electrocoagulation Wastewater Treatment Methods to Treat Effluents Discharged from Electroplating Industries

Jima

Melesse

Endale

2023

JERA

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Currently, rapid development, increasing world population, and industrialization such as electroplating sectors have caused an increase in wastewater, heavy metals, and toxic metals in the environment that directly and indirectly affect human beings and other living things. This study compared the efficiency of electro-flotation and electrocoagulation wastewater treatment methods to treat effluents discharged from electroplating industries based on removal efficiency, energy consumption, electrode consumption, and environmental aspects. Electro-flotation uses an electric current to generate hydrogen and oxygen bubbles, which allow contaminants to flow to the top of the treatment unit. However, the electrocoagulation process involves the use of direct current to accelerate the oxidation of the metal sacrificial anode and to generate positively charged ions that act as destabilizing agents for the emulsion. The electroplating wastewater sample solution (500ml) containing heavy metal ions (Zinc, Chromium, Nickel, Cadmium, and Copper) with a 50g/l metal ion concentration of each and a pH range of 7-10, were investigated using the two methods. Accordingly, the metal ions' degree of removal, energy consumption for the treatments, and electrode consumption 95-99%, 0.25-3.0 kWh/m3, and 2.0 kg/m3 respectively, were obtained using the elector-flotation. Whereas, 90–95% of metal ions' degree of removal, 1.0-5.0 kWh/m3 of energy consumption, and 10kg/m3 of electrode consumption, were obtained via the elector coagulation. The Fe-Fe electrode combination had the highest removal efficiencies of the heavy metal ions of Fe-Al, Al-Fe, and Al-Al combinations. Additionally, the effects of pH, time, and direct current on the removal efficiency of metal ions were investigated.

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A Review of Electrocoagulation Process for Wastewater Treatment

Cited by 7 publications

References 28 publications

Removal of Crystal Violet Dye by Electrocoagulation – Analysis of Electrode and Solution Changes

Removal of Crystal Violet Dye by Electrocoagulation – Analysis of Electrode and Solution Changes

Ultrasonic (US)-Assisted Electrocoagulation (EC) Process for Oil and Grease (O&G) Removal from Restaurant Wastewater

Comparison of the Removal Efficiencies for Electro-Flotation and Electrocoagulation Wastewater Treatment Methods to Treat Effluents Discharged from Electroplating Industries

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