A review of etching methods of MXene and applications of MXene conductive hydrogels

Zhou, Can; Zhao, Xiaohan; Xiong, Yingshuo; Tang, Yuanhan; Ma, Xintao; Tao, Qian; Sun, Changmei; Xu, Wenlong

doi:10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111063

Cited by 148 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…We use H 2 SO 4 instead of the commonly used HCl due to its ability to yield better Mxene morphology quality and to reduce the etching time to prevent material degradation. [36][37][38] The solution was magnetically stirred for 24 hours and washed with deionized water to produce multilayer Ti 3 CN carbonitride Mxene. The phase purity of the Mxene material was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlling the Surface Reactivity of Hybrid Ti₃CN MXene via In‐situ Electrocatalysis

2022

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Two-dimensional (2D) carbide and nitride MXenes possess properties that are desirable for a broad range of electrocatalytic applications including the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). These properties include high surface area, hydrophilicity, heterogeneity of redox-active transition metals, and tunable surface functionalities allowing for low HER overpotentials. In this paper, we report on the cathodic etching and À O/À OH functionalization of hybrid Ti 3 CN upon the application of an external potential for improved HER performance and show that the active sites for HER on this MXene catalyst are located primarily on the À OÀ and À OH functional groups. The overpotential for the hybrid Ti 3 CN improves by 350 mV upon in-situ À O/À OH functionalization and etching, reaching À 0.46 V vs. RHE at a current density of 10 mA cm À 2 , much lower than those reported for the benchmark Ti 3 C 2 carbide MXene. These results provide a path forward to tuning the electrocatalytic activity of MXenes and related electrocatalysts for water splitting.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlling the Surface Reactivity of Hybrid Ti₃CN MXene via In‐situ Electrocatalysis

2022

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“…Generally, MXene hydrogels and their derived aerogels are mainly constructed through the following synthesis strategies: MXene self-assembly, graphene oxide-assisted assembly, polymer-assisted assembly, and metal ion-assisted assembly. 50,60,71 When MXene hydrogels are prepared, the derived aerogels can be generated through the freeze-drying treatment of the MXene hydrogels. 26,72,73 Besides, MXene aerogels can also be fabricated through direct freeze-drying and thermal treatment of MXene colloidal solution.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Mxene Hydrogels and Aerogelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constructing MXene hydrogels and aerogels for rechargeable supercapacitors and batteries

Zhang

et al. 2023

J. Mater. Chem. C

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“… 149 MAX is a group of ternary carbides and nitrides in a layered structure, where “M” stands for the early transition metal layer (eg, Ti, Nb, Cr, and Mo), “A” stands for A-group (mostly group IIIA and IVA elements of the periodic table) metal layer, and “X” stands for C or N elements. 150 , 151 MXene is prepared by etching an “A” metal layer in the MAX phase. 152 During the etching process, 2D nano-layered MXenes with surface functional groups (eg, –F, –OH, –O, and–Cl) are obtained.…”

Section: Nanomaterials-incorporated Conductive Hydrogels For Cardiac ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanomaterial-Based Electrically Conductive Hydrogels for Cardiac Tissue Repair

Lee¹,

Kim²,

Lee³

2022

IJN

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Cardiovascular disease is one of major causes of deaths, and its incidence has gradually increased worldwide. For cardiovascular diseases, several therapeutic approaches, such as drugs, cell-based therapy, and heart transplantation, are currently employed; however, their therapeutic efficacy and/or practical availability are still limited. Recently, biomaterial-based tissue engineering approaches have been recognized as promising for regenerating cardiac function in patients with cardiovascular diseases, including myocardial infarction (MI). In particular, materials mimicking the characteristics of native cardiac tissues can potentially prevent pathological progression and promote cardiac repair of the heart tissues post-MI. The mechanical (softness) and electrical (conductivity) properties of biomaterials as non-biochemical cues can improve the cardiac functions of infarcted hearts by mitigating myocardial cell death and subsequent fibrosis, which often leads to cardiac tissue stiffening and high electrical resistance. Consequently, electrically conductive hydrogels that can provide mechanical strength and augment the electrical activity of the infarcted heart tissue are considered new functional materials capable of mitigating the pathological progression to heart failure and stimulating cardiac regeneration. In this review, we highlight nanomaterial-incorporated hydrogels that can induce cardiac repair after MI. Nanomaterials, including carbon-based nanomaterials and recently discovered two-dimensional nanomaterials, offer great opportunities for developing functional conductive hydrogels owing to their excellent electrical conductivity, large surface area, and ease of modification. We describe recent results using nanomaterial-incorporated conductive hydrogels as cardiac patches and injectable hydrogels for cardiac repair. While further evaluations are required to confirm the therapeutic efficacy and toxicity of these materials, they could potentially be used for the regeneration of other electrically active tissues, such as nerves and muscles.

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A review of etching methods of MXene and applications of MXene conductive hydrogels

Cited by 148 publications

References 99 publications

Controlling the Surface Reactivity of Hybrid Ti₃CN MXene via In‐situ Electrocatalysis

Controlling the Surface Reactivity of Hybrid Ti₃CN MXene via In‐situ Electrocatalysis

Constructing MXene hydrogels and aerogels for rechargeable supercapacitors and batteries

Nanomaterial-Based Electrically Conductive Hydrogels for Cardiac Tissue Repair

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A review of etching methods of MXene and applications of MXene conductive hydrogels

Cited by 148 publications

References 99 publications

Controlling the Surface Reactivity of Hybrid Ti3CN MXene via In‐situ Electrocatalysis

Controlling the Surface Reactivity of Hybrid Ti3CN MXene via In‐situ Electrocatalysis

Constructing MXene hydrogels and aerogels for rechargeable supercapacitors and batteries

Nanomaterial-Based Electrically Conductive Hydrogels for Cardiac Tissue Repair

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Product

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Controlling the Surface Reactivity of Hybrid Ti₃CN MXene via In‐situ Electrocatalysis

Controlling the Surface Reactivity of Hybrid Ti₃CN MXene via In‐situ Electrocatalysis