A Review on Analytical Methods for Antiviral Phytoconstituents

Sivagami, B; Sailaja, B

doi:10.5530/jyp.2021.13.2

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 20 publications

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“…Similarily, the antiviral and virucidal effect of neem leaves was studied regarding its activity and possible mechanism of action against Coxsackie B group of viruses (Badam et al, 1999). Sivagami andSailaja 2021 (Sivagami andSailaja, 2021) have reported the antiviral activity of Clerodendrum serratum against yellow fever virus. Likewise, antiviral effect of Terminalia chebula on swine influenza A virus infection has also been proved (Ma et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Phytochemicals of Traditional Medicinal Plants Exhibiting Inhibitory Activity Against Main Protease, Spike Glycoprotein, RNA-dependent RNA Polymerase and Non-Structural Proteins of SARS-CoV-2 Through Virtual Screening

et al. 2021

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Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) being a causative agent for global pandemic disease nCOVID’19, has acquired much scientific attention for the development of effective vaccines and drugs. Several attempts have been made to explore repurposing existing drugs known for their anti-viral activities, and test the traditional herbal medicines known for their health benefiting and immune-boosting activity against SARS-CoV-2. In this study, efforts were made to examine the potential of 605 phytochemicals from 37 plant species (of which 14 plants were endemic to India) and 139 antiviral molecules (Pubchem and Drug bank) in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 multiple protein targets through a virtual screening approach. Results of our experiments revealed that SARS-CoV-2 MPro shared significant disimilarities against SARS-CoV MPro and MERS-CoV MPro indicating the need for discovering novel drugs. This study has screened the phytochemical cyanin (Zingiber officinale) which may exhibit broad-spectrum inhibitory activity against main proteases of SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV with binding energies of (−) 8.3 kcal/mol (−) 8.2 kcal/mol and (−) 7.7 kcal/mol respectively. Amentoflavone, agathisflavone, catechin-7-o-gallate and chlorogenin were shown to exhibit multi-target inhibitory activity. Further, Mangifera indica, Anacardium occidentale, Vitex negundo, Solanum nigrum, Pedalium murex, Terminalia chebula, Azadirachta indica, Cissus quadrangularis, Clerodendrum serratum and Ocimum basilicumaree reported as potential sources of phytochemicals for combating nCOVID’19. More interestingly, this study has highlighted the anti-viral properties of the traditional herbal formulation “Kabasura kudineer” recommended by AYUSH, a unit of Government of India. Short listed phytochemicals could be used as leads for future drug design and development. Genomic analysis of identified herbal plants will help in unraveling molecular complexity of therapeutic and anti-viral properties which proffer lot of chance in the pharmaceutical field for researchers to scout new drugs in drug discovery.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Phytochemicals of Traditional Medicinal Plants Exhibiting Inhibitory Activity Against Main Protease, Spike Glycoprotein, RNA-dependent RNA Polymerase and Non-Structural Proteins of SARS-CoV-2 Through Virtual Screening

et al. 2021

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Phytocompounds and their molecular targets in immunomodulation: a review

Cherian

Velmurugan

Thiruganasambandham

et al. 2021

Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology

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Immune cells are important for the healthy function of every organ. The homeostasis of the immune system is selfregulated by T-cells, B-cells, and natural killer cells. The immunomodulation process of immune cells is part of the immunotherapy. According to therapeutic methods of immune responses are categorized as inducing (immunostimulant), amplification (immune booster), attenuation (immunomodulation), and prevention (immunosuppressive) actions. The prevalence of chronic immunological diseases like viral infections, allergies, and cancer is mainly due to the over-activation of the immune system. Further, immunomodulators are reported to manage the severity of chronic immunological disorders. Moreover, these immunomodulator-acting proteins are identified as potential molecular targets for the regulation of the immune system. Moreover, natural compound like phytocompounds are known to bind these targets and modulates the immune system. The specialized phytocompounds like curcumin, quercetin, stilbenes, flavonoids, and lignans are shown the immunomodulatory actions and ameliorate the immunological disorders. The present scenario of a COVID-19 pandemic situation has taught us the need to focus on strengthening the immune system and the development of the most promising immunotherapeutics. This review is focused on an overview of various phytocompounds and their molecular targets for the management of immunological disorders via immunosuppressants and immunostimulants actions.

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Perspective Chapter: Phytocompounds as Immunomodulators

Cherian,

Vadivel

2023

Immunosuppression and Immunomodulation

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Healthy operation of every organ depends on immune cells. T-cells, B-cells, and natural killer cells that control the immune homeostasis. Immunotherapy includes the process by which immune cells are immunomodulated. Immunological responses can be induced by immunostimulants, amplified by immune boosters, attenuated by immunomodulators, and prevented by immunosuppressive agents, according to therapeutic techniques. The over-activation of the immune system is mostly to blame for the rise of chronic immunological illnesses such as viral infections, allergies, and cancer. Immunomodulators may also be used to control the severity of long-term immunological diseases. Additionally, it is discovered that these immunomodulator-acting proteins represent prospective molecular targets for the control of the immune system. Furthermore, it is well known that organic molecules like phytocompounds have the ability to bind to these locations and affect the immune system. Curcumin, quercetin, stilbenes, flavonoids, and lignans are examples of specific phytocompounds shown to have immunomodulatory properties to address immunological diseases.

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A Review on Analytical Methods for Antiviral Phytoconstituents

Cited by 3 publications

References 20 publications

Exploring Phytochemicals of Traditional Medicinal Plants Exhibiting Inhibitory Activity Against Main Protease, Spike Glycoprotein, RNA-dependent RNA Polymerase and Non-Structural Proteins of SARS-CoV-2 Through Virtual Screening

Exploring Phytochemicals of Traditional Medicinal Plants Exhibiting Inhibitory Activity Against Main Protease, Spike Glycoprotein, RNA-dependent RNA Polymerase and Non-Structural Proteins of SARS-CoV-2 Through Virtual Screening

Phytocompounds and their molecular targets in immunomodulation: a review

Perspective Chapter: Phytocompounds as Immunomodulators

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