A Review on Anticancer Activities of Thiophene and Its Analogs

Abstract

: Cancer is the world's second-largest cause of mortality and one of the biggest global health concerns. The prevalence and mortality rates of cancer remain high despite significant progress in cancer therapy. The search for more effective as well as less toxic treatment methods for cancer is at the focus of current studies. Thiophene and its derivatives have surged as an influential scaffold which, because of their appreciable diversity in biological activities, has pulled the concerned interest of the researchers in the field of medicinal chemistry. By the affluent introduction of its derivatives, which have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticancer activities, the adaptability of the thiophene moiety has been displayed. The nature and positioning of the substitutions significantly impacted thiophene moiety activity. This decent array in the living response account about this moiety has picked plentiful researcher’s consideration to inquire about it to its peculiar potential across certain activities. In the field of cancer therapy against different cancer cells, the structureactivity relationship for each of the derivatives showed an excellent understanding of thiophene moiety. Information from the various articles revealed the key role of thiophene moiety and its derivatives to develop the vital lead compound. The essential anticancer mechanisms identified include inhibition of the topoisomerase, inhibition of tyrosine kinase, tubulin interaction and apoptosis induction through activation of reactive oxygen species. This review is an endeavor to promote the anticancer potential of the derivatives whether having thiophene or condensed thiophene as a core moiety or as a substituent that can lead in the future to synthesize varieties of chemotherapeutic entities in the field of cancer treatment.

Synthesis, identification, and cytotoxicity effect of Oxazapine scaffolding

“…The Hg proton of the oxazepine ring appeared with a single signal at (10.38) ppm. The N-H proton appeared at (13.08) ppm, as in Figure (7). The MA5 compound had identified by 1HNMR spectroscopy.…”

“…It had prepared by the condensation of Schiff bases with carboxylic acid anhydride (3,4). Their chemical structure has a distinctive feature in pharmacological chemotherapy drugs: antimicrobial (5), anti-cancer and anti-tuberculosis (6,7), anti-inflammatory (8), antioxidant (9), antifungal (10), and antibacterial. As auxiliary agents and in the manufacture of dyes as coloring materials, inhibitors of metal corrosion (11), and has a varied biological activity, its effectiveness used as an anticoagulant (12), treatment of mental disorders (13,14), anti-tumor (15), (16).…”

New Experimental Conditions for Diels–Alder and Friedel-Crafts Alquilation Reactions with Thiophene: A New Selenocyanate with Potent Activity against Cancer

“…Thiophene–maleimide Diels–Alder adducts were formed with poor stereospecificity [ 10 ]. On the other hand, thiophene and its analogs [ 11 ] show interesting properties in medicinal chemistry, especially in cancer. In addition, many DA adducts are known for their antitumoral effects [ 12 , 13 ].…”

Expedition of sulfur‐containing heterocyclic derivatives as cytotoxic agents in medicinal chemistry: A decade update

“…As the aforesaid S-containing heterocycles are in the limelight, reviews encompassing the applicability of individual templates have been published till date. [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] However, few reviews have been published covering a group of S-containing heterocycles on a single platform. Wang et al, 17 concentrated more specifically on the development of natural products possessing sulfur heteroatom.…”

“…As the aforesaid S ‐containing heterocycles are in the limelight, reviews encompassing the applicability of individual templates have been published till date 19–29 . However, few reviews have been published covering a group of S ‐containing heterocycles on a single platform.…”