A Review on Communication Aspects of Demand Response Management for Future 5G IoT- Based Smart Grids

Abstract

In recent power grids, the need for having a two-way flow of information and electricity is crucial. This provides the opportunity for suppliers and customers to better communicate with each other by shifting traditional power grids to smart grids (SGs). In this paper, demand response management (DRM) is investigated as it plays an important role in SGs to prevent blackouts and provide economic and environmental benefits for both end-users and energy providers. In modern power grids, the development of communication networks has enhanced DRM programmes and made the grid smarter. In particular, with progresses in the 5G Internet of Things (IoT), the infrastructure for DRM programmes is improved with fast data transfer, higher reliability, increased security, lower power consumption, and a massive number of connections. Therefore, this paper provides a comprehensive review of potential applications of 5G IoT technologies as well as the computational and analytical algorithms applied for DRM programmes in SGs. The review holistically brings together sensing, communication, and computing (optimization, prediction), areas usually studied in a scattered way. A broad discussion on various DRM programmes in different layers of enhanced 5G IoT based SGs is given, paying particular attention to advances in machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) algorithms alongside challenges in security, reliability, and other factors that have a role in SGs' performance.INDEX TERMS Smart grid, demand response management, 5G , Internet of Things

Communication Technologies for Smart Grid: A Comprehensive Survey

“…Due to the intermittent characteristics of renewable energy sources (RES), the increasing utilization of renewable energy sources in the power grid, will result in more frequency and voltage fluctuations [ 4 , 37 ]. Thus, fast acting smart sensing and protection equipment, as well as fast reliable communication become more important to maintain system balance and to monitor and coordinate DERs in the grid [ 4 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 ].…”

“…Fast response to stability issues in the grid are dependent on fast and reliable communication links in the SG. Distributed storage in combination with DER can improve the utilization RES and demand response [ 40 , 42 ].…”

“…The advantages of 5G over earlier generations include higher data rate and low communication latency, improved security and reliability, low power consumption, and ability to connect a higher number of devices. This makes 5G suitable for SG infrastructure [ 37 , 40 , 78 ]. 5G supports ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communication (uRLLC) which is suitable for applications with strict requirements to low latency and high reliability e.g., mission critical applications such as remote control of digital substations [ 53 , 79 , 80 ].…”

Demand Response Impact Evaluation: A Review of Methods for Estimating the Customer Baseline Load

“…The research examines enabling technologies and practical strategies. A relevant work on 5G IoT technologies applied on DR programs on smart grids is [12]. Its focus ranges from sensing, communication, and computing areas to smart grid security and reliability.…”

An Adaptive Information Security System for 5G-Enabled Smart Grid Based on Artificial Neural Network and Case-Based Learning Algorithms

“…In the power Internet of Things (IoT), building 5G cognitive radio network model and applying it to traditional collection and inspection services can improve the perception and transmission performance of a large number of user nodes (She et al, 2021 ). The advantages of 5G technology in future smart grid may include that it provides the data acquisition and visualization ability for multiple layers of smart grid (Ahmadzadeh et al, 2021 ).…”