A review on current status of antiviral <scp>siRNA</scp>

Qureshi, Abid; Tantray, Vaqar Gani; Kirmani, Altaf Rehman; Ahangar, Abdul Gani

doi:10.1002/rmv.1976

Cited by 98 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 164 publications

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“…Cells transfected with siRNAs or expressing an shRNA targeting viral genomes display sequence‐specific reductions in viral RNA accumulation and virus replication upon challenge with homologous viruses, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), influenza A virus (IAV), West Nile virus (WNV), SARS coronavirus, human papilloma virus and various picornaviruses (Gitlin et al, ; Jacque et al, ; Lee et al, ; Ge et al, ; Kapadia et al, ; Konishi et al, ; Randall et al, ; Lu et al, ; Phipps et al, ; Takigawa et al, ; Bitko et al, ; Shi et al, ; Sim et al, ; Werk et al, ; Yuan et al, ; Kumar et al, ; Bousarghin et al, ; Qureshi et al, ). Similarly, delivery of siRNAs to mice, prior to or concomitant with viral challenge, provides protection against infection with various viruses (Ge et al, ; Giladi et al, ; McCaffrey et al, ; Tompkins et al, ; Bitko et al, ; Tan et al, ; Shah & Schaffer, ).…”

Section: Viral Determinants Of Antiviral Rnaimentioning

confidence: 99%

Slicing and dicing viruses: antiviral RNA interference in mammals

et al. 2019

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To protect against the harmful consequences of viral infections, organisms are equipped with sophisticated antiviral mechanisms, including cell‐intrinsic means to restrict viral replication and propagation. Plant and invertebrate cells utilise mostly RNA interference ( RNA i), an RNA ‐based mechanism, for cell‐intrinsic immunity to viruses while vertebrates rely on the protein‐based interferon ( IFN )‐driven innate immune system for the same purpose. The RNA i machinery is conserved in vertebrate cells, yet whether antiviral RNA i is still active in mammals and functionally relevant to mammalian antiviral defence is intensely debated. Here, we discuss cellular and viral factors that impact on antiviral RNA i and the contexts in which this system might be at play in mammalian resistance to viral infection.

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Section: Viral Determinants Of Antiviral Rnaimentioning

confidence: 99%

Slicing and dicing viruses: antiviral RNA interference in mammals

et al. 2019

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“…GS-5734, a nucleotide prodrug, showed broad-spectrum anti-coronavirus activity against bat CoV, pre-pandemic bat CoV, and existing human CoV in vitro and over primary human lung epithelial cell cultures and was found promising for treating epidemic and zoonotic coronaviruses of the near future (Sheahan et al, 2017). The siRNA or antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) can be used to combat the virus by targeting its genome (Qureshi et al, 2018).…”

Section: Oligonucleotides Targeting Sars-cov-2 Rna Genomementioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 and Advances in Developing Potential Therapeutics and Vaccines to Counter this Emerging Pandemic Virus – A Review

Mandegary¹,

Al-Ahmed²,

Sah³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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A novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), causing an emerging coronavirus disease (COVID-19), first detected in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China has resulted in an outbreak in China which has taken a catastrophic turn with high toll rates in China and subsequently spreading across the globe. The rapid spread of this virus to more than 175 countries while affecting nearly 500,000 persons and causing more than 22,000 human deaths, it has resulted in a pandemic situation in the world. The SARS-CoV-2 virus belongs to the genus Betacoronavirus, like MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV, all of which originated in bats. It is highly contagious, causing symptoms like fever, dyspnea, asthenia and pneumonia, thrombocytopenia and the severely infected patients succumb to the disease. Coronaviruses (CoVs) among all known RNA viruses have the largest genomes ranging from 26 to 32 kb in length. Extensive research has been conducted to understand the molecular basis of the SARS-CoV-2 infection and evolution, develop effective therapeutics, antiviral drugs and vaccines, and to design rapid and confirmatory viral diagnostics as well as adopt appropriate prevention and control strategies. Till date, no clinically proclaimed, proven therapeutic antibodies or specific drugs and therapeutics, and vaccines have turned up. Several molecular diagnostic tests such as Real Time-PCR, isothermal loop-mediated amplification of coronavirus (i-LACO), full genome analysis by next-generation sequencing (NGS), multiplex nucleic acid amplification, and microarray-based assays are in use currently for the laboratory confirmation of this CoV infection. In this review article, we describe the basic molecular organization and phylogenetic analysis of the coronaviruses, including the SARS-CoV-2, and recent advances in diagnosis and vaccine development in brief and focusing mainly on developing potential therapeutic options that can be explored to manage this pandemic virus infection, which would help in valid countering of COVID-19.

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“…In the process, small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) play a crucial role in amplification and maintenance of the silencing response through loading onto Argonaute proteins, which uses siRNAs to target and cleave homologous viral RNAs (Chiu and Rana, 2003). As such, RNAi has become a powerful research tool for studies of gene function and siRNA‐based antiviral therapies (Tuschl and Borkhardt, 2002; Small, 2007; Badia et al , 2017; Ghosh et al , 2017; Qureshi et al , 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of FRET‐based high‐throughput screening for viral RNase III inhibitors

Wang

Saarela

Poque

et al. 2020

Molecular Plant Pathology

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The class 1 ribonuclease III (RNase III) encoded by Sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus (CSR3) suppresses RNA silencing in plant cells and thereby counters the host antiviral response by cleaving host small interfering RNAs, which are indispensable components of the plant RNA interference (RNAi) pathway. The synergy between sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus and sweet potato feathery mottle virus can reduce crop yields by 90%. Inhibitors of CSR3 might prove efficacious to counter this viral threat, yet no screen has been carried out to identify such inhibitors. Here, we report a novel high-throughput screening (HTS) assay based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) for identifying inhibitors of CSR3. For monitoring CSR3 activity via HTS, we used a small interfering RNA substrate that was labelled with a FRETcompatible dye. The optimized HTS assay yielded 109 potential inhibitors of CSR3 out of 6,620 compounds tested from different small-molecule libraries. The three best inhibitor candidates were validated with a dose-response assay. In addition, a parallel screen of the selected candidates was carried out for a similar class 1 RNase III enzyme from Escherichia coli (EcR3), and this screen yielded a different set of inhibitors. Thus, our results show that the CSR3 and EcR3 enzymes were inhibited by distinct types of molecules, indicating that this HTS assay could be widely applied in drug discovery of class 1 RNase III enzymes. K E Y W O R D Sfluorescence resonance energy transfer, high-throughput screening, RNA silencing suppressor, RNase III, small interfering RNA

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A review on current status of antiviral siRNA

Cited by 98 publications

References 164 publications

Slicing and dicing viruses: antiviral RNA interference in mammals

Slicing and dicing viruses: antiviral RNA interference in mammals

SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 and Advances in Developing Potential Therapeutics and Vaccines to Counter this Emerging Pandemic Virus – A Review

Development of FRET‐based high‐throughput screening for viral RNase III inhibitors

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A review on current status of antiviral siRNA

Cited by 98 publications

References 164 publications

Slicing and dicing viruses: antiviral RNA interference in mammals

Slicing and dicing viruses: antiviral RNA interference in mammals

SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 and Advances in Developing Potential Therapeutics and Vaccines to Counter this Emerging Pandemic Virus &ndash; A Review

Development of FRET‐based high‐throughput screening for viral RNase III inhibitors

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Product

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SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 and Advances in Developing Potential Therapeutics and Vaccines to Counter this Emerging Pandemic Virus – A Review