A review on indirect type solar dryers for agricultural crops – Dryer setup, its performance, energy storage and important highlights

Lingayat, Abhay; Chandramohan, V.P.; Raju, V. Ramachandra; Meda, Venkatesh

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.114005

Cited by 214 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 116 publications

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“…Model ini juga dapat menyimpan energi matahari dalam bentuk sensible heat (SH) atau latent heat (LH) yang dapat kembali digunakan pada malam hari. Pengering model CSD ada 3 yaitu direct type solar dryer, indirect type solar dryer (ITSD), dan mixed mode type solar dryer [9]. Dalam [9] dan [10] disebutkan bahwa dari ketiga model pengering CSD tersebut, ITSD merupakan pengering dengan performa pengeringan yang lebih baik dari model pengering lainnya.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

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Purwarupa dan Kinerja Pengering Gabah Hybrid Solar Heating dan Photovoltaic Heater dengan Sistem Monitoring Suhu

Usman¹,

Muchtar

Muhammad

et al. 2020

Jurnal Teknik Elektro

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Grain drying is a process to reduce grain moisture content to certain conditions, so the grain can last longer in storage. The grain dryer model used in this research was Indirect Type Solar Dryer (ITSD). In order to make this dryer can work at night, heating element that used electrical energy from solar panels was added. This energy is a renewable and environmentally friendly energy. This dryer was equipped with a temperature monitoring system and control of the photovoltaic heater. The results of temperature monitoring and voltage sensors to controlling photovoltaic heaters based on validation are categorized as work measurement tools, because they have an error of 0.5% – 2%. Whereas the relay works when the battery voltage is 11 - 10.9 V. This dryer can dry grain to reach a moisture content of 14.90% from initial moisture content of 48.46%. The drying process lasts for 11 hours, which is 7 hours using solar energy and 4 hours using photovoltaic heaters. The average temperature produced by dryer system during the drying process is 35.28 °C with a drying efficiency of 60.14%.

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Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

“…Gambar 1. Layout ITSD [9] Pengering tipe ITSD pada penelitian terdahulu telah dikembangkan sebagai pengering gabah yang dikombinasikan dengan sumber panas tambahan yang berasal dari biomassa [7]. Akan tetapi penggunaan biomassa sebagai energi panas alternatif pada ITSD akan menghasilkan karbon yang dapat mencemari lingkungan.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Purwarupa dan Kinerja Pengering Gabah Hybrid Solar Heating dan Photovoltaic Heater dengan Sistem Monitoring Suhu

Usman¹,

Muchtar

Muhammad

et al. 2020

Jurnal Teknik Elektro

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“…Important findings on indirect type solar dryers for agricultural crops have been reviewed by Lingayat et al [13], chemical pre-treatments, payback period and economic analysis were discussed in their paper. Purohit et al [14] presented an economic analysis of solar drying and open sun drying, they developed a simple framework for the comparison of two applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure13. The variation of dry basis moisture content of mushroom in the NCD, FCD and HPD (T2, T6, and T10, respectively) with drying time in hours and direct radiation…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative performance study of different types of solar dryers for sustainability in agriculture applications

Asnaz¹,

Dolcek²

2021

Preprint

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Postharvest food loss increases rapidly every year in the world due to the inability to preserve food. Crop drying, which aims to reduce the moisture content to a certain level, is a method used to extend the shelf life of the food, and prevent it from spoiling. Solar drying is becoming a popular option to replace mechanical dryers due to the high cost of energy, and the increased awareness of consumer orientation to clean energy products. In this study, three different low-cost solar dryers of natural convection dryer (NCD), forced convection dryer (FCD), and heat pump integrated solar dryer (HPD) were examined, and mushroom (agaricus bisporus) drying experiments were carried out on each. In this study, three main research topics were determined: (i) to analyse the drying characteristics of mushroom slices in different thicknesses (0.5cm, 1cm and in half), (ii) to determine the effect of pretreatment on the drying time, (iii) to compare the collector efficiencies. For these purposes, 12 experiments were conducted between 9:00-18:00, the average daily solar irradiance was around 790W/m 2 . In 10 drying experiments out of 12, it was observed that the samples were completely dried out within the experiment period, while the drying process of the half-cut mushrooms in NCD and FCD were completed after 18:00. The results show that cutting thin slices of mushrooms reduced the drying time by an average of 40.83 mins. Also, the process of pretreatment caused shorter drying time by an average of 26.66 mins, almost 7% in all cases. The average thermal efficiencies were found 59.74%, 67.66%, and 77.45% for NCD, FCD and HPD, respectively. According to the results of this study, the most affecting factor in the overall drying process is found to be drying air which is hot and holds less moisture. In addition, it turned out that the drying rate increases with the increase of the temperature and speed of the drying air.

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“…In available literature many researchers have reported designs of solar dryers with phase change material (PCM) for thermal energy storage. However, important parameters for passive solar dryers like quantity of thermal energy storage required were seldom reported in available studies (El Khadraoui, Bouadila, Kooli, Farhat, & Guizani, 2017; Lingayat, Chandramohan, Raju, & Meda, 2020; Ndukwu, Onyenwigwe, Abam, Eke, & Dirioha, 2020). In addition, use of same dryer at different locations is difficult, since reception of solar radiations varies with respect latitude of the locations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and performance evaluation of a passive flat plate collector solar dryer for agricultural products

Babar

Tarafdar

Malakar

et al. 2020

J Food Process Engineering

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A passive flat plate collector solar dryer (FPC-SD) was designed and fabricated for drying of agricultural products. It has drying capacity of 7.5 kg, drying chamber cross sectional area of 0.74 m × 0.58 m, collector aspect ratio 2, collector depth of 0.25 m and hence volume of 0.5 m 3. Total pressure drop across drying bed ΔP T was 1.29 kg/m 2. The difference between the dryer inlet and ambient temperature was recorded for certain days and was 24.6 C at 1.30 p.m. with average solar insolation of 882.35 W/m 2. Performance of FPC-SD was evaluated by drying mushroom under sun drying and passive FPC solar dryer. The moisture ratio of the samples reached zero in 33 hr for sun drying while 21 hr for FPC-SD. Solar drying took 36.36% lesser time than

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A review on indirect type solar dryers for agricultural crops – Dryer setup, its performance, energy storage and important highlights

Cited by 214 publications

References 116 publications

Purwarupa dan Kinerja Pengering Gabah Hybrid Solar Heating dan Photovoltaic Heater dengan Sistem Monitoring Suhu

Purwarupa dan Kinerja Pengering Gabah Hybrid Solar Heating dan Photovoltaic Heater dengan Sistem Monitoring Suhu

Comparative performance study of different types of solar dryers for sustainability in agriculture applications

Design and performance evaluation of a passive flat plate collector solar dryer for agricultural products

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