A review on lignin-based polymeric, micro- and nano-structured materials

Duval, Antoine; Lawoko, Martin

doi:10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2014.09.017

Cited by 625 publications

(451 citation statements)

References 230 publications

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“…To increase the potential applications of lignin in polymeric materials, some chemical modifications have been developed [139] [140], but these add stages to the process and/or raise their costs considerably. Therefore, the direct use of industrial lignin is the most favorable option because it is a relatively cheap raw material.…”

Section: Lignin Based Polyurethane Adhesivementioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-Renewable Sources for Synthesis of Eco-Friendly Polyurethane Adhesives—Review

Gadhave¹,

Mahanwar²,

Gadekar³

2017

OJPChem

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Bio-renewable sources used during manufacturing of polyurethane (PU) adhesives have been used extensively from last few decades and replaced petrochemical based PU adhesive due to their lower environmental impact, easy availability, low cost and biodegradability. Bio-renewable sources, such as vegetable oils (like palm oil, castor oil, jatropha oil, soybean oil), lactic acid, potato starch and other bio-renewable sources, constitute a rich source for the synthesis of polyols which are being considered for the production of "eco-friendly" PU adhesives. Various bio-renewable sources for synthesis of bio-based PU adhesives and their potential applications are discussed in this review. This paper will focus on the progress of research in bio-based materials for adhesive application.

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Section: Lignin Based Polyurethane Adhesivementioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-Renewable Sources for Synthesis of Eco-Friendly Polyurethane Adhesives—Review

Gadhave¹,

Mahanwar²,

Gadekar³

2017

OJPChem

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“…Understanding of lignin structural features will facilitate lignin recovery and enable catalytic modifications to obtain desired chemicals and physical properties (Duval and Lawoko 2014). Lignin is a structurally complex polyphenolic biomacromolecule consisting primarily of three basic structural phenylpropane units: syringyl (S), guaiacyl (G), and p-hydroxyphenyl (H).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Characterization of Lignin Isolated from Wheat-Straw during the Alkali Cooking Process

Tian

Wang

et al. 2017

BioResources

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aTo investigate the behavior of lignin during the alkali cooking process with different alkali doses, this work demonstrated the structural characteristics illustrated by spectroscopic analyses. Gel permutation chromatography (GPC) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) indicated that the lignin was composed of typical structures for a grass, generally with S and G units and small amounts of H units. The main substructures present were β-O-4 aryl ether linkages, and there were lower amounts of β-β and β-5 linkages. Alkali treatment conditions had evident effects on the chemical structures and properties of lignin. Moreover, NMR indicated that alkali cooking caused lignin to depolymerize more easily with increasing severity and to condense.

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“…More recently, lignin has been systematically explored by blending it in polymer matrices [9][10][11]. Various fundamental studies have been done to understand the effect of unmodified lignin on the physical properties of thermoplastic [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19], thermosets [20], and rubbers [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various fundamental studies have been done to understand the effect of unmodified lignin on the physical properties of thermoplastic [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19], thermosets [20], and rubbers [21]. Based on these studies, lignin has been documented to be a promising additive for stabilizing against UV degradation or thermo-oxidation [9,13,15,16,21]. The mechanical behavior of these composites is dependent on the interaction between different constituents, for example whether blends can form miscible or can phase separate [9,18,19,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on these studies, lignin has been documented to be a promising additive for stabilizing against UV degradation or thermo-oxidation [9,13,15,16,21]. The mechanical behavior of these composites is dependent on the interaction between different constituents, for example whether blends can form miscible or can phase separate [9,18,19,22]. More particularly, as unmodified lignin contains numerous OH groups, the lignin molecule is thus relatively polar, and will show comparably better affinity toward polar polymer matrices [9,18,19,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis and Tribological Behavior of Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE)-Lignin Composites

2016

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Abstract:In this paper, we report the synthesis and characterization of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE)-lignin composites. During this study four different compositions, namely UHMWPE, UHMWPE-13 wt. % lignin, UHMWPE-25 wt. % lignin and UHMWPE-42.5 wt. % lignin were fabricated by hot pressing. Detailed microstructural studies by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that UHMWPE and UHMWPE-13 wt. % lignin had a uniform microstructure, whereas UHMWPE-25 wt. % lignin and UHMWPE-42.5 wt. % lignin samples were riddled with pores. UHMWPE and UHMWPE-13% lignin showed comparable flexural strengths of~32.2 MPa and 32.4 MPa, respectively. However, the flexural strength dropped drastically in UHMWPE-25 wt. % lignin and UHMWPE-42.5 wt. % samples to~13 MPa and~8 MPa, respectively. The tribology of UHMWPE-lignin composites is governed by the tribofilm formation. All the compositions showed similar µ mean values and the specific wear rates (WR) decreased gradually as the concentration of lignin in UHMWPE was increased.

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A review on lignin-based polymeric, micro- and nano-structured materials

Cited by 625 publications

References 230 publications

Bio-Renewable Sources for Synthesis of Eco-Friendly Polyurethane Adhesives—Review

Bio-Renewable Sources for Synthesis of Eco-Friendly Polyurethane Adhesives—Review

Structural Characterization of Lignin Isolated from Wheat-Straw during the Alkali Cooking Process

Synthesis and Tribological Behavior of Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE)-Lignin Composites

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