A review on marine based nanoparticles and their potential applications

Abstract

The increasing demands on nanoparticles have wide pertinent in almost all the fields. Marine ecosystem has variety of living resources, which includes prokaryotes like microorganism to eukaryotic organism like higher plants and animals. The present review dealt with the application of marine organisms in nanotechnology. Our discussion mainly focused on what the marine organisms are involved in and what type of nanoparticles is synthesized, including size and, medical and medicinal applications. Based on our observation through this review, it will be a good reference document for the further research on marine ecosystem to develop drug from sea.

Seaweeds: A resource for marine bionanotechnology

“…Asmathunisha and Kathiresan [40] and Chinnappan et al [41] reviewed on available information on the synthesis of NPs using marine resources, their mechanism and biological activities to bring out the prospects in marine bionanotechnology. Marine bionanotechnology is an exciting and growing area of research in modern era.…”

“…Chinnappan et al [41] critically evaluated the existing knowledge on potential applications and current information about research on NPs derived from marine resources. Origin of nano structures in marine resources, gives a clue to explore the advantages and applications of nanoparticles in various aspects.…”

“…Marine microbes have an ability to synthesize NPs and thus it reduces the vast amount of inorganic compounds in deep sea [41]. Marine microorganisms such as bacteria, cyanobacteria, actinomycetes, yeast, fungi and algae are used to synthesize metal NPs such as Au, Ag, Ca, Si, Fe and Pb.…”

“…The marine ecosystem has captured a major attention in recent years, as they contain worthful resources that are yet to be explored to a great extent for the beneficial aspects of human life and these marine organisms are rich sources of reducing and stabilizing agents such as polysaccharides, amino acids, proteins, lipids and peptides, and precursor molecules such as silica, calcium, alginate, agar, carageenans, chitin and its derivative chitosan [40,41].…”

Diverse Metabolic Capacities of Fungi for Bioremediation

“…Fungi possess the ability to synthesize nanoparticles both extra and intracellularly which are being used for diverse applications in areas ranging from textile industries, food preservations, to medicines and clinical microbiology etc. [35][36][37]. Several factors have been proposed for enhancing the bioremediation of toxic and persistent organic pollutants by applying fungi.…”