A review on microplastics and nanoplastics in the environment: Their occurrence, exposure routes, toxic studies, and potential effects on human health

Sangkham, Sarawut; Faikhaw, Orasai; Munkong, Narongsuk; Sakunkoo, Pornpun; Arunlertaree, Chumlong; Chavali, Murthy; Mousazadeh, Milad; Tiwari, Ananda

doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113832

Cited by 197 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 203 publications

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“…Primary plastics are manufactured on an industrial scale to be used as raw materials in consumer polymer goods, either indirectly or directly, whereas their degraded particles deposit as M-NPLs in the environment. 25 Primary M-NPLs originate from various products, including paints, cosmetics, medical equipment, and packing materials. Secondary M-NPLs form when larger plastic particles degrade into smaller particles via physical (mechanical forces and pressures induced fragmentation), chemical (fragmentation because of photodegradation), and microbial processes 25 , 38 that occur on environmental exposure.…”

Section: Types Sources and Surface Alterations Of Microplastics And N...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent insights into uptake, toxicity, and molecular targets of microplastics and nanoplastics relevant to human health impacts

Khan¹,

Jia²

2023

iScience

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Section: Types Sources and Surface Alterations Of Microplastics And N...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Humans are exposed to M-NPLs by ingesting food and water, inhaling contaminated air, and having dermal contact through cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. 25 M-NPLs are toxic on in vivo , in vitro , and environmental exposure in experimental model animals, cells, and various aquatic and terrestrial animal species. 26 , 27 , 28 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent insights into uptake, toxicity, and molecular targets of microplastics and nanoplastics relevant to human health impacts

Khan¹,

Jia²

2023

iScience

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“…COVID-19 has now become the greatest community health concern for the global population and is a foremost cause of death and hospitalization, predominantly for old and middle age individuals in the affected nations. [67,68] COVID-19 announcement as a global pandemic has contributed to environmental and logistical issues, that is, biomedical waste. Wuhan in February 2020, produced 200 tons of biomedical waste due to COVID-19, which is four times greater than the actual generation of waste in the town.…”

Section: Impact Of Covid-19 On Human Health and Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…COVID‐19 has now become the greatest community health concern for the global population and is a foremost cause of death and hospitalization, predominantly for old and middle age individuals in the affected nations. [ 67,68 ]…”

Section: Impact Of Covid‐19 On Human Health and Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental pollutants and their impact on COVID‐19 spread: Current problem and future resolutions

Patil

Parthasarathy

Matkar³

et al. 2023

Carbon Neutralization

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COVID‐19 is the greatest crucial universal health issue of the century and the extreme challenge that came after the 2nd World War faced by humankind. In 2019, different strains of the coronavirus have emerged drastically, that as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) which is the causative agent of corona disease. As far as human civilization history, there have been occurrences of severe diseases and outbreaks of various viruses. According to World Health Organization reports, throughout the world, the present outbreak of COVID‐19 has engulfed more than 200 countries affecting 241,471,559 individuals and more than 4,914,092 people lost their lives. SARS‐CoV‐2 outbreak is severely disturbing the worldwide economy at present. The urgent need of recent times is to understand the environmental aspect of COVID‐19 disease. Hence to fulfill this point, the present review article is compiled with a brief discussion about all the minute points of the COVID‐19 pandemic related to the environment: origin and present scenario, the occurrence of SARS‐CoV‐2 in environmental habitats, the effect of COVID‐19 on human health, and environment, environmental factors influencing the transmission and spreading of SARS‐CoV‐2. This review explains micro and macro pollutants in hospital and urban wastewater influencing COVID‐19, detection of SARS‐CoV‐2, current global drug strategies to control replication and spread of SARS‐CoV‐2 from the environment, future approaches, and guidelines to prevent and control upcoming pandemics. The SARS‐CoV‐2 structural details and their effect on humans have been already well presented but the research about environmental factors affecting COVID‐19 could be important points to fight present and future pandemics.

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“…The main causes of water pollution in Bangladesh are over-population, development activities nearby water bodies, discharge of industrial effluents, municipal wastes and hospital wastes, toxic environmental wastes, plastic debris, agricultural wastes, pesticides and fertilizers to water, river grabbing, ineffective management of solid waste, poverty, poor sanitation, and lack of consciousness [5]. Among them, industrial discharges and plastic debris are potential threats to the freshwater and marine environments as they can be reduced to only a limited point [6][7][8]. Studies show that water can be polluted by both natural and anthropogenic sources [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Legal institutional inefficiency and water pollution problem in Bangladesh

Wang

Islam

2022

Resour. Environ. Econ.

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In recent years the economy of Bangladesh has increased significantly due to rapid industrialization. Despite economic prosperity, it causes serious damage to the environment by polluting water resources. Factors like discharging industrial effluents, urban runoff, and agricultural wastage are primarily responsible for polluting the water bodies in Bangladesh. This kind of pollution not only harms the environment but also severely affects human health, and in Bangladesh, nearly 80 percent of all diseases are related to water pollution, and arsenicosis is one of them. To prevent and control water pollution, the government has primarily enacted various laws and policies, including Environment Conservation Act 1995, Environment Protection Act (EPA) 1995, Environment Court Act 2000, and Bangladesh Water Act 2013. Despite numerous initiatives, legal loopholes, institutional weaknesses and lack of enforcement of Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) are the main obstacles to preventing and controlling water pollution in Bangladesh. Therefore, this paper addresses the legal shortcomings and functions of respective bodies in preventing and controlling water pollution.

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A review on microplastics and nanoplastics in the environment: Their occurrence, exposure routes, toxic studies, and potential effects on human health

Cited by 197 publications

References 203 publications

Recent insights into uptake, toxicity, and molecular targets of microplastics and nanoplastics relevant to human health impacts

Recent insights into uptake, toxicity, and molecular targets of microplastics and nanoplastics relevant to human health impacts

Environmental pollutants and their impact on COVID‐19 spread: Current problem and future resolutions

Legal institutional inefficiency and water pollution problem in Bangladesh

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