A Review on Potato (Solanum Tuberosum L.) and its Genetic Diversity

Abstract

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is an annual herbaceous, self-pollinated species. Potato belongs to family solanaceae and the genus Solanum with a basic set of 12 chromosomes (x = 12). It is used as vegetable and in industries for manufacturing starch, alcoholic beverages and other processed products like French fries, chips etc. Afresh potato contains 16-20% carbohydrates 2.5-3.2% crude protein. Even though potato contains little amount of protein, nutritional quality of potato is better than cereals. Potato has potential to produce more calories and protein per unit land area with little time and water than most of the major food crop s. Therefore, understanding its genetic diversity is important for the improvement of this crop and as well as for effective utiliz ation of germplasm. Diversity analysis based on molecular characterization is better than morphological characterization as it is highly influenced by the environment. Hence, in-depth studies based on both morphological and molecular markers will help in better understanding the genetic diversity of potato germplasm.

Assessment of local potato cultivars found inCis-Himalayanregion of West Bengal through morphology and biochemical profiling

“…Local potatoes are currently threatened by genetic erosion as a result of the introduction of high-yielding variants. Characterizing the local genetic resources for crop development in emerging nations like India is a vital and important task (17,18). Local potato cultivars are useful breeding materials for successful hybridization to increase sustainable potato production (19,20).…”

Diversity of Potato Varieties in Bangladesh

“…Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is an autotetraploid (2n = 4x = 48), vegetatively propagated, short-day and a C3 plant grown in temperate, subtropical and tropical regions [1]. It is one of the most important vegetable crops, which ranked fourth after rice, wheat and maize in the world [2]. After rice potato is the second most important crop in Bangladesh [3].…”

“…Maintaining the potato varieties with agronomically important traits, higher yield and good keeping quality is one of the challenges for potato breeders because potato has a tendency to reduce its yield by virus infestation [6]. Minitubers are small seed potato tubers produced after acclimatization from plants propagated in vitro and planted at high density in the glasshouse or net house in seed bed or containers using different substrate mixtures.…”

Genetic Characterization of Global Cultivated Potato Clones, Including Korean Potatoes, Using Genome-Wide Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Markers

“…Revealing potato genetic diversity and population structure is an essential step for breeding efforts, which involves identifying promising parental combinations from the germplasm collections, crossing the parents to generate genetic variation, and selecting clones with target traits. Although, in the genomics era, molecular breeding of polyploidy crops such as potato has lagged behind many diploid crop species, genetic evaluation of potato clones has been conducted using various molecular markers available (reviewed by [4]), for example, random ampli ed polymorphic DNA (RAPD), ampli ed fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR), inter-retrotransposon ampli ed polymorphism (IRAP) and simple sequence repeats (SSR). With the advantages of abundance, cost-e ciency, and high-throughput assays, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers have become increasingly important in crop genetic studies (reviewed by [5]).…”