A Review on the conversion of levulinic acid and its esters to various useful chemicals

Adeleye, Aderemi Timothy; Louis, Hitler; Akakuru, Ozioma Udochukwu; Joseph, Innocent; Enudi, Obieze C.; Michael, Dass P.

doi:10.3934/energy.2019.2.165

Cited by 64 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…The cinnamic acid enhanced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in isolated islets [ 35 ] over its antibacterial activity against A. sobria, A. salmonicida, L. anguillarum, V. crassostreae, and Y. ruckeri bacteria [ 36 ]. Levulinic acid was found to have antioxidant, anticonvulsant, and anti-inflammatory activities [ 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 ]. The mechanism of action of levulinic acid in bacteria inhibition was also investigated in previous literature [ 41 ], which showed that levulinic acid reacts in synergy with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) to reduce the cytoplasmic pH of microbes by ionization of undissociated acid molecules, affects the electrostatic charge of SDS molecules and cell surfaces, disrupts substrate transport, reduces proton motive force, chelates metal ions, and thereby induces the release of lipopolysaccharides from the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anacyclus pyrethrum var. pyrethrum (L.) and Anacyclus pyrethrum var. depressus (Ball) Maire: Correlation between Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents with Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Chemically Characterized Extracts

Jawhari

Moussaoui

Bourhia

et al. 2021

Plants

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In this work, two varieties of Anacyclus pyrethrum (L.) including Anacyclus pyrethrum var. pyrethrum (L.) and Anacyclus pyrethrum var. depressus (Ball) Maire were evaluated for their mineral and chemical compositions, total phenolic and flavonoid contents, and antimicrobial and antioxidant activities using hydroalcoholic extracts from their different parts (leaves, capitula, roots, and seeds). The phytochemical and mineral compositions were carried out using standard methods. The antioxidant activity was determined using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), ABTS (2,2-azino-bis 3-ethylbenzothiazolin-6-sulfonic acid), and FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power) tests. The antimicrobial activity was assayed using the agar diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration, and minimum bactericidal concentration methods. The results of the chemical analysis showed that both varieties contained interesting mineral and chemical compositions with potentially active compounds; among them, N-isobutyl-2,4-heptadiene-6-monoynamide and cinnamic acid were detected in the Anacyclus pyrethrum var. pyrethrum (L.) only while thiadiazolo [5,4-d] pyrimidin-7-amine and N-isobutyl-2,4-undecadiene-8,10-diynamide compounds were limited to the Anacyclus pyrethrum var. depressus (Ball) Maire. In vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the two varieties demonstrated that the different parts had prominent antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. The principal component analysis (PCA) showed great similarity in the activity of the leaves, capitula, and seeds of both plants and a high difference in roots. Anacyclus pyrethrum var. pyrethrum roots were characterized by a high content in phenols and flavonoids and better antibacterial activities compared to Anacyclus pyrethrum var. depressus (Ball) Maire roots, which were characterized by better antioxidant activities. From this study, it can be concluded that the two varieties of Anacyclus pyrethrum (L.) showed promising mineral and chemical compositions with antioxidant and antimicrobial properties.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anacyclus pyrethrum var. pyrethrum (L.) and Anacyclus pyrethrum var. depressus (Ball) Maire: Correlation between Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents with Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Chemically Characterized Extracts

Jawhari

Moussaoui

Bourhia

et al. 2021

Plants

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“…Some of the compounds identified in the studied extracts of A. pyrethrum (L), such as alkylamides ((2,4)- N -isobutyl-2,4-undecadiene-8,10-diynamide, N -isobutyl-dodeca-2,4,8,10-tetraenamide, N -isobutyl-2,4-octadiene-6-monoynamide, N -isobutyl-2,4-heptadiene-6-monoynamide, and N-isobutyl-2,6,8-datrienamide), were previously confirmed to have activities such as immunomodulatory, antithrombotic, antimicrobial, antiviral, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anticancer, antidiabetic, and antiprotozoal activities [ 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 ]. Moreover, levulinic acid was found to have anti-inflammatory, anticonvulsant, and antioxidant activities [ 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 ]. Propanedioic acid was found to be an antimycobacterial, antimicrobial, anticancer, anticonvulsant, antiparasitic, antiviral, anti-HIV, anti-diabetic, antihypertensive, anti-hyperlipidemic, and monoamine oxidase inhibitor agent [ 43 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anacyclus pyrethrum (L): Chemical Composition, Analgesic, Anti-Inflammatory, and Wound Healing Properties

et al. 2020

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Background: Anacyclus pyrethrum (A. pyrethrum) is a wild species belonging to the family Asteraceae, which is used in traditional medicines. Aim of the study: This work was undertaken to study the chemical composition, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and wound healing properties of hydroalcoholic extracts of different parts (roots, seeds, leaves, and capitula) of A. pyrethrum. Material and Methods: The phytochemical analysis of the studied extracts was conducted by GC-MS. The analgesic activity was evaluated in mice using acetic acid and formaldehyde methods. The anti-inflammatory activity was tested using the inhibitory method of edema induced in rats. The healing activity of the hydroethanolic extracts was explored by excision and incision wound healing models in rats. Results: The phytochemical analysis of the studied plant extracts affirmed the presence of interesting compounds, including some newly detected elements, such as sarcosine, N-(trifluoroacetyl)-butyl ester, levulinic acid, malonic acid, palmitic acid, morphinan-6-One, 4,5.alpha.-epoxy-3-hydroxy-17-methyl, 2,4-undecadiene-8,10-diyne-N-tyramide, and isovaleric acid. The extracts of different parts (roots, seeds, leaves, and capitula) exhibited promising anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and wound healing effects, with percentages of inhibition up to 98%, 94%, and 100%, respectively. Conclusion: This study might contribute towards the well-being of society as it provides evidence on the potential analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and wound healing properties of A. pyrethrum.

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“…To date, there are several review articles on the catalytic hydrogenation of LA to GVL. All these reviews focus on either noble metal [33,[47][48][49] or non-noble metals [50] as catalysts. Of all these review articles, only one recently published review by Seretis et al [48] has focused on the heterogeneous and homogeneous Ru-based catalysts for this hydrogenation of LA to GVL.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In their review, a wide range of heterogenous Ru-based catalysts were discussed, especially TiO 2 and carbon supported catalysts. Another recent review by Adeleye et al [47] did not extensively focus on the transformation of LA to GVL, but rather on the synthesis of other products derived from LA such as 2-butanol, 2-pentanol, and MTHF. In addition to systems discussed in those published reviews, this current review has discussed the effect of support and solvent on the catalytic performance and selectivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneous Ru Catalysts as the Emerging Potential Superior Catalysts in the Selective Hydrogenation of Bio-Derived Levulinic Acid to γ-Valerolactone: Effect of Particle Size, Solvent, and Support on Activity, Stability, and Selectivity

2021

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Catalytic hydrogenation of a biomass-derived molecule, levulinic acid (LA), to γ-valerolactone (GVL) has been getting much attention from researchers across the globe recently. This is because GVL has been identified as one of the potential molecules for replacing fossil fuels. For instance, GVL can be catalytically converted into liquid alkenes in the molecular weight range close to that found in transportation fuels via a process that does not require an external hydrogen source. Noble and non-noble metals have been used as catalysts for the selective hydrogenation of LA to GVL. Of these, Ru has been reported to be the most active metal for this reaction. The type of metal supports and solvents has been proved to affect the activity, selectivity, and yields of GVL. Water has been identified as a potential, effective “green” solvent for the hydrogenation of LA to GVL. The use of different sources of H2 other than molecular hydrogen (such as formic acid) has also been explored. In a few instances, the product, GVL, is hydrogenated further to other useful products such as 1,4-pentanediol (PD) and methyl tetrahydrofuran (MTHF). This review selectively focuses on the potential of immobilized Ru catalysts as a potential superior catalyst for selective hydrogenation of LA to GVL.

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A Review on the conversion of levulinic acid and its esters to various useful chemicals

Cited by 64 publications

References 80 publications

Anacyclus pyrethrum var. pyrethrum (L.) and Anacyclus pyrethrum var. depressus (Ball) Maire: Correlation between Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents with Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Chemically Characterized Extracts

Anacyclus pyrethrum var. pyrethrum (L.) and Anacyclus pyrethrum var. depressus (Ball) Maire: Correlation between Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents with Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Chemically Characterized Extracts

Anacyclus pyrethrum (L): Chemical Composition, Analgesic, Anti-Inflammatory, and Wound Healing Properties

Heterogeneous Ru Catalysts as the Emerging Potential Superior Catalysts in the Selective Hydrogenation of Bio-Derived Levulinic Acid to γ-Valerolactone: Effect of Particle Size, Solvent, and Support on Activity, Stability, and Selectivity

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